Table 1.
Demographics Characteristics
| Variable | Underweight (N= 4,661) |
Normal weight (N=32,134) |
Overweight N= 32,278) |
Obese (N=30,259) |
Morbid Obesity (N= 9,070) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years): median [IQR] | 68 [54 – 80] | 67 [53 – 80] | 66 [53 – 73] | 64 [53 – 73] | 60 [49 – 78] |
| Male: n (%) | 1,948 (41.8) | 17,168 (53.4) | 19,486 (60.4) | 16,631 (55.0) | 3,776 (41.6) |
| Ethnicity: Caucasian, n (%) | 3,562 (77.1) | 24,778 (78.0) | 24,935 (78.1) | 23,581 (78.8) | 6,872 (76.6) |
| BMI: median [IQR] | 17.1 [16.0 – 17.9] |
22.5 [20.9 – 23.8] |
27.3 [26.1 – 28.6] |
33.4 [31.5 – 35.9] |
44.6 [41.8 – 49.3] |
| ≥ 1 of APACHE IV comorbidities: n (%) | 932 (20.0) | 7,031 (21.8) | 8,235 (25.5) | 9,783 (32.3) | 3,614 (39.8) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index: median [IQR] | 4 [2 – 6] | 4 [2 – 6] | 3 [2 – 5] | 3 [2 – 5] | 3 [1 – 5] |
| ICU admission source: Emergency room, n (%) | 3,073 (65.9) | 20,455 (63.7) | 19,598 (60.7) | 17,920 (59.2) | 5,481 (60.4) |
| ICU admission unit: n (%) | |||||
| Mixed ICU | 2,715 (58.2) | 18,096 (56.3) | 17,228 (53.4) | 15,991 (52.8) | 5,117 (56.4) |
| Cardiac ICU | 858 (18.4) | 6,441 (20.0) | 7,631 (23.6) | 7,449 (24.6) | 1,897 (20.9) |
| MICU | 503 (10.8) | 2,765 (8.6) | 2,567 (8.0) | 2,444 (8.1) | 895 (9.9) |
| Neuro ICU | 285 (6.1) | 2,704 (8.4) | 2,656 (8.2) | 2,423 (8.0) | 593 (6.5) |
| Surgical ICU | 300 (6.4) | 2,128 (6.6) | 2,196 (6.8) | 1,952 (6.5) | 568 (6.3) |
| Region: n (%) | |||||
| Midwest | 1,444 (31.0) | 10,458 (32.5) | 10,998 (34.1) | 10,992 (36.3) | 3,498 (38.6) |
| South | 1,760 (37.8) | 11,133 (34.6) | 11,111 (34.4) | 10,099 (33.4) | 3,055 (33.7) |
| West | 857 (18.4) | 6,325 (19.7) | 6,100 (18.9) | 5,276 (17.4) | 1,369 (15.1) |
| Northeast | 325 (7.0) | 2,323 (7.2) | 2,351 (7.3) | 2,391 (7.9) | 718 (7.9) |
| Hospital capacity (number of beds) n (%) | |||||
| >500 | 1,737 (37.3) | 12,541 (39.0) | 12,995 (40.3) | 12,600 (41.6) | 3,700 (40.8) |
| 250–500 | 1,134 (24.3) | 7,933 (24.7) | 8,029 (24.9) | 7,066 (23.4) | 2,067 (22.8) |
| 100–249 | 1,138 (24.4) | 7,586 (23.6) | 7,471 (23.1) | 7,068 (23.4) | 2,170 (23.9) |
| <100 | 282 (6.1) | 1,642 (5.1) | 1,509 (4.7) | 1,429 (4.7) | 510 (5.6) |
| Teaching hospital: n (%) | 1,089 (24.4) | 8,010 (26.0) | 8,349 (26.9) | 8,470 (29.0) | 2,578 (29.4) |
| ICU admission diagnosis: n (%) | |||||
| Sepsis, including pneumonia | 873 (18.7) | 4,936 (15.3) | 4,169 (12.9) | 3,967 (13.1) | 1,549 (17.1) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 677 (14.5) | 6,336 (19.7) | 8,383 (25.9) | 8,303 (27.4) | 2,080 (22.9) |
| Other respiratory condition | 750 (16.1) | 2,929 (9.1) | 2,344 (7.2) | 2,466 (8.1) | 1,159 (12.7) |
| Neurological condition | 549 (11.7) | 5,008 (15.6) | 5,063 (15.7) | 4,551 (15.0) | 1,089 (12.0) |
| Renal condition | 88 (2.0) | 562 (2.0) | 599 (2.0) | 683 (2.0) | 280 (3.0) |
| Other | 1,724 (37.0) | 12,363 (38.3) | 11,270 (36.3) | 10,289 (34.4) | 2,913 (32.3) |
| Reason for ICU admission: Medical, n (%) | 4003 (85.9) | 26105 (81.2) | 25081 (77.7) | 23379 (77.3) | 7412 (81.7) |
| SOFA score: median [IQR] | 5 [2 – 7] | 4 [2 – 7] | 4 [2 – 7] | 4 [2 – 7] | 5 [2 – 7] |
| APACHE IV score: median [IQR] | 56 [42 – 74] | 53 [39 – 70] | 50 [37 – 67] | 49 [36 – 66] | 49 [35 – 67] |
| OASIS score: median [IQR] | 31 [25 – 38] | 29 [23 – 37] | 28 [22 – 35] | 28 [22 – 35] | 29 [23 – 36] |
| Intubated in the first 24 hours of ICU admission (YES): n (%) | 606 (13.0) | 4,456 (13.9) | 5,009 (15.5) | 5,132 (17.0) | 1,560 (17.2) |
| ICU (days) LOS: median [IQR] | 1.9 [1.0 – 3.3] | 1.8 [0.9 – 3.1] | 1.7 [0.9 – 3.1] | 1.8 [1.0 – 3.3] | 1.9 [1.0 – 3.7] |
| Hospital (days) LOS: median [IQR] | 5.8 [3.1– 9.7] | 5.2 [2.8 – 9.1] | 5.1 [2.8 – 8.9] | 5.2 [2.9 – 9.2] | 5.7 [3.1 – 9.9] |
| Hospital mortality, n (%) | 711 (15.3) | 3,390 (10.5) | 2,778 (8.6) | 2,437 (8.1) | 772 (8.5) |