Table 1.
Development of clinical criteria of metabolic syndrome by different health organizations.
| Evaluation Content | WHO 1998 | EGIR 19 99 | NCEPATPIII 2001 | AACE 2003 | NCEP ATPIII 2005 | AHA/NHLBI 2005 | IDF 2005 | IDF/NHLBI 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Criteria | IGT, IFG, T2D, or reduced insulin sensitivity plus any two of the following | Plasma insulin > 75 percentile plus any two of the following | Any three of the following | IGT or IFG plus any of the following | Any three of the following | Any three of the following | Increased WC plus any two of the following | Three out of five of the following |
| Obesity | Men: WHR > 0.9; Women: WHR > 0.85 and/or BMI > 30 kg/m2 | WC ≥ 94 cm in men or ≥ 80 cm in women | WC ≥ 102 cm in men or ≥ 88 cm in women | BMI > 25 kg/m2 | WC ≥ 102 cm in men or ≥ 88 cm in women | WC ≥ 102 cm in men or ≥ 88 cm in women | population-specific increased WC cutoffs | population-and country-specific WC cutoffs |
| Glucose | IGT, IGF, or T2D | IGT or IFG | ≥110 mg/dL (including T2D) | IGT or IFG | ≥100 mg/dL (including T2D) | ≥100 mg/dL or on drug treatment for elevated glucose | ≥100 mg/dL (including T2D) | ≥100 mg/dL |
| Triglycerides (TG) | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL or on therapy lowering TG | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL or on drug treatment for elevated triglycerides | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL or on therapy lowering TG | TG ≥ 150 mg/dL |
| High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (HDL-C) | HDL-C < 40 mg/dLin men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women | HDL-C < 39 mg/dL in men or women | HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women | HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women | HDL-C <40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women on therapy increasing HDL-C | HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women or on drug treatment for reduced HDL-C | HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women on therapy increasing HDL-C | HDL-C< 40 mg/dL in men or HDL-C < 50 mg/dL in women |
| Blood pressure | ≥140/90 mmHg | ≥140/90 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy | ≥130/85 mmHg | ≥130/85 mmHg | ≥130/85 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy | ≥130/85 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy | ≥130/85 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy | ≥130/85 mmHg or on antihypertensive therapy |
IGT, impaired glucose tolerance, IFG, impaired fasting glucose, TG, triglycerides, T2D, type 2 diabetes, WC, waist circumference, WHR, waist/jip ratio. WHO, World Health Organization. EGIR, European Group for the study of Insulin Resistance rename “insulin resistance syndrome”. NCEP ATPIII, National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III, “Metabolic Syndrome” reassigned. AACE, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, “Insulin Resistance Syndrome”. IDF, International Diabetes Federation. AHA/NHLBI, American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.