Table 1.
The proximate composition (g/100 g ± SD) of raw seeds, sprouted seeds and microgreens of perennial legumes.
| Sample | Ash | Crude Protein | Crude Fat | Crude Fibre | Total Carbohydrates |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raw seeds | |||||
| Tpr | 4.71 ± 0.34 cdB | 34.5 ± 0.19 abC | 8.98 ± 0.01 bA | 13.8 ± 0.71 abC | 38.0 |
| Tme | 7.32 ± 0.24 bA | 34.8 ± 0.22 abB | n.a. | n.a. | n.a. |
| Msa | 4.32 ± 0.02 dB | 34.7 ± 0.41 abB | 11.6 ± 0.07 aA | 13.3 ± 0.23 bB | 36.1 |
| Mlu | 3.97 ± 0.03 eC | 34.1 ± 0.66 abC | 3.10 ± 0.35 dC | 12.8 ± 0.77 bAB | 46.0 |
| Ovi | 4.46 ± 0.08 dC | 35.8 ± 0.43 aC | 6.62 ± 0.21 cA | 12.2 ± 0.60 bcA | 40.9 |
| Agl | 8.19 ± 0.10 aA | 32.0 ± 0.37 bB | 2.85 ± 0.14 dB | 16.2 ± 1.00 aA | 40.8 |
| Aci | 5.24 ± 0.23 cA | 36.1 ± 0.13 aB | 3.78 ± 0.14 dA | 14.9 ± 0.69 aA | 40.0 |
| AVG* | 5.46 | 34.6 | 6.15 | 13.9 | 40.3 |
| AVG** | 4.37 | 34.8 | 7.56 | 13.0 | 40.3 |
| Sprouted seeds | |||||
| Tpr | 4.42 ± 0.37 bB | 38.9 ± 0.09 dB | 9.28 ± 0.01 aA | 15.6 ± 0.88 bB | 31.8 |
| Tme | 4.99 ± 0.01 abB | 39.8 ± 0.30 cdA | 6.62 ± 0.21 b | 15.3 ± 0.61 b | 33.3 |
| Msa | 4.65 ± 0.25 bB | 42.8 ± 0.38 bA | 8.88 ± 0.33 aB | 14.0 ± 0.45 bA | 29.7 |
| Mlu | 4.38 ± 0.31 bB | 42.6 ± 0.13 bB | 5.14 ± 0.24 cA | 13.9 ± 0.67 bA | 34.0 |
| Ovi | 5.35 ± 0.08 aB | 45.2 ± 0.41 aB | 5.58 ± 0.03 cB | 11.4 ± 0.54 cA | 32.5 |
| Agl | 4.24 ± 0.21 bB | 37.0 ± 0.26 eA | 3.95 ± 0.11 dA | 17.2 ± 0.43 aA | 37.6 |
| Aci | 5.29 ± 0.44 aA | 40.3 ± 0.03 cA | 4.08 ± 0.08 dA | 15.0 ± 0.58 bA | 35.3 |
| AVG* | 4.76 | 40.9 | 6.22 | 14.6 | 33.5 |
| AVG** | 4.7 | 42.4 | 7.22 | 13.7 | 32 |
| Microgreens | |||||
| Tpr | 5.82 ± 0.25 bA | 45.7 ± 0.43 bcA | 4.84 ± 0.23 bcB | 17.5 ± 1.06 aA | 26.1 |
| Tme | na | na | na | na | na |
| Msa | 5.34 ± 0.28 bcA | 44.0 ± 0.93 cA | 6.48 ± 0.21 aC | 14.5 ± 0.32 bA | 29.7 |
| Mlu | 6.03 ± 0.18 bA | 48.0 ± 0.14 bA | 4.13 ± 0.24 cB | 14.4 ± 0.69 bA | 27.4 |
| Ovi | 7.31 ± 0.40 aA | 58.7 ± 1.04 aA | 5.26 ± 0.16 bB | 8.7 ± 0.47 cB | 20.0 |
| Agl | na | na | na | na | na |
| Aci | na | na | na | na | na |
| AVG** | 6.13 | 49.9 | 5.18 | 13.8 | 25.8 |
AVG*: average for all species analysed; AVG**: Tme, Agl and Aci were excluded from average computing; na: not analysed. The different lowercase letters (a, b, c) in the column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) in the respective mineral concentrations among the legume accessions within the identical sample group and the different uppercase letters (A, B, C) in the column indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) in the respective mineral concentrations among seeds, sprouted seeds and microgreens within the identical legume accession. Abreviations: Tpr: T. pratense, Tme: T. medium, Msa: M. sativa, Mlu: M. lupulina, Ovi: O. viciifolia, Agl: A. glycyphyllos, Aci: A. cicer.