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. 2019 Jan 4;20(1):169. doi: 10.3390/ijms20010169

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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High periostin expression and a large number of infiltrated M2 macrophages are significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients with melanoma. (A,B) Representative immunohistochemical staining of periostin (A) (brown) and CD163 (B) (red) in human melanomas. ×200 magnification. (C,D) Kaplan-Meier curve of 94 patients with melanomas regarding periostin (C) and CD163 (D) for DFS and MSS. p-values were obtained from the log-rank test (n, the number of samples in each group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. (E) Scatter diagram shows the relationship between the expression of periostin and the number of CD163⁺ M2 macrophages. Cut-off values for high/low expression of periostin and the number of CD163⁺ cells are described in the Results. t-test, *** p < 0.001.