Knockdown of Gad1 causes defects in head development and
outgrowth
visible at 1 dpf (A) wild-type; (B) gad1b splice
blocking MO; (C) gad1b translation blocking MO; (D,E)
BHQ-gad1b-ccMO; (F) gad1b mismatch
control for splice blocking MO; (G,H) CyHQ-gad1b-ccMO;
(I) gad1b mismatch control for translation blocking
MO. (D,G) BHQ- and CyHQ-gad1b-ccMO injected embryos
raised in the dark exhibit morphological development comparable to
wild-type embryos. (E, H) BHQ- and CyHQ-gad1b-ccMO
injected embryos raised in the light exhibit morphological development
comparable to embryos injected with gad1b splice
blocking or translation blocking MOs (B–C). Asterisk denotes
regions exhibiting altered distribution of the presumptive head mesenchyme;
bracket denotes altered gross structure of the midbrain-hindbrain
region. Normal development is observed in embryos injected with 5
base mismatch controls for the gad1b splice blocking MO (F) or translation
blocking MO (I). Scale bar in (A) applies to all panels. t, telencephalon;
e, eye; m, midbrain; h, hindbrain; o, otocyst.