Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 18.
Published in final edited form as: Neurologist. 2012 Nov;18(6):356–363. doi: 10.1097/NRL.0b013e31826a998d

Table 1:

Putative biomarkers for the AD pathophysiologic process currently being used

(1) Markers of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein deposition in the brain
    a. low CSF Aβ42
    b. positive PET amyloid imaging
(2) Markers of downstream neurodegeneration
    a. elevated cerebrospinal fluid tau (total and phosphorylated)
    b. decreased metabolism in temporal and parietal cortex on 18flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography
    c. atrophy on MRI in temporal (medial, basal, and lateral) and medial parietal cortex