Table 3.
Results for the interval scaled moderator variables.
| Analysis | k | τ2 | QM | df | pQM | R2 | Q | df | pQ | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publication year | 43 | .01 | .84 | 1 | .358 | 6.28 | 160.34 | 41 | < .001 | 71.10 |
| Percentage of females (%) | 43 | .01 | 1.22 | 1 | .270 | 4.76 | 156.14 | 41 | < .001 | 70.88 |
| Age | 41 | .01 | 2.12 | 1 | .145 | 5.57 | 170.34 | 39 | < .001 | 72.58 |
All results of moderator analyses exclude the outliers and are based on 33 samples. Results including outlying studies are presented as Appendix C, Table C2.
k, number of samples; τ2, estimated variance in population; QM, Q statistic of the moderating variable; df, degrees of freedom of Q statistic; Q, Q statistic of a main analysis relying on the included samples; pQM/Q, significance of QM and Q; I2, index of heterogeneity.