Table 1.
Demographics of entire cohort
| Variables | All | January 2007‐October 2011 | November 2011‐March 2016 | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 97 069 | 39 075 | 57 994 | |
| Age, y | 61.7 (16.4) | 61.9 (16.5) | 61.5 (16.3) | <0.001 |
| Age group, y | ||||
| ≤45 | 15 064 (15.5%) | 6077 (15.6%) | 8987 (15.5%) | <0.001 |
| 46‐54 | 14 477 (14.9%) | 5920 (15.2%) | 8557 (14.8%) | |
| 55‐64 | 21 990 (22.7%) | 8670 (22.2%) | 13 320 (23.0%) | |
| 65‐74 | 22 832 (23.5%) | 8680 (22.2%) | 14 152 (24.4%) | |
| 75‐84 | 16 357 (16.9%) | 7049 (18.0%) | 9308 (16.0%) | |
| ≥85 | 6349 (6.5%) | 2679 (6.9%) | 3670 (6.3%) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 48 298 (49.8%) | 19 585 (50.1%) | 28 713 (49.5%) | 0.063 |
| Male | 48 771 (50.2%) | 19 490 (49.9%) | 29 281 (50.5%) | |
| Race | ||||
| African American (Black) | 16 022 (16.5%) | 5916 (15.1%) | 10 106 (17.4%) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 4331 (4.5%) | 1700 (4.4%) | 2631 (4.5%) | |
| Caucasian (White) | 54 410 (56.1%) | 26 175 (67.0%) | 28 235 (48.7%) | |
| Other | 16 742 (17.2%) | 3192 (8.2%) | 13 550 (23.4%) | |
| Unknown | 5564 (5.7%) | 2092 (5.4%) | 3472 (6.0%) | |
| Payor | ||||
| Commercial or Private | 29 984 (30.9%) | 12 998 (33.3%) | 16 986 (29.3%) | <0.001 |
| Medicaid | 15 909 (16.4%) | 5504 (14.1%) | 10 405 (17.9%) | |
| Medicare | 47 360 (48.8%) | 19 223 (49.2%) | 28 137 (48.5%) | |
| Other | 3180 (3.3%) | 1058 (2.7%) | 2122 (3.7%) | |
| Self Pay | 636 (0.7%) | 292 (0.7%) | 344 (0.6%) | |
| ASA physical status | ||||
| 3 | 73 963 (76.2%) | 29 803 (76.3%) | 44 160 (76.1%) | <0.001 |
| 4 | 21 609 (22.3%) | 8767 (22.4%) | 12 842 (22.1%) | |
| 5 | 1467 (1.5%) | 487 (1.2%) | 980 (1.7%) | |
| 6 | 30 (0.0%) | 18 (0.0%) | 12 (0.0%) | |
| NYS Resident | 83 869 (86.4%) | 32 855 (84.1%) | 51 014 (88.0%) | <0.001 |
| NJ Resident | 9046 (9.3%) | 4258 (10.9%) | 4788 (8.3%) | <0.001 |
| Other states | 4154 (4.3%) | 1962 (5.0%) | 2192 (3.8%) | <0.001 |
| SSN available and valid | 78 350 (80.7%) | 34 110 (87.3%) | 44 240 (76.3%) | <0.001 |
| In‐hospital Death | 3777 (3.9%) | 2102 (5.4%) | 1675 (2.9%) | <0.001 |
| Deaths in DMF | 13 004 (13.4%) | 10 396 (26.6%) | 2608 (4.5%) | <0.001 |
| SSN match | 12 111 (93.1%) | 9967 (95.9%) | 2144 (82.2%) | <0.001 |
| Name/date of birth match | 893 (6.9%) | 429 (4.1%) | 464 (17.8%) | <0.001 |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; DMF, Death Master File; NJ, New Jersey; NYS, New York State; SSN, Social Security Number.