Table 2.
Composition of validation samplea
| Overall | White | Black | Hispanic | API | AI/AN | Multiracial | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 284 627 | 214 519 | 25 684 | 27 122 | 10 257 | 1334 | 5711 |
| Age (%) | |||||||
| 18‐64 | 14 | 11 | 27*** | 20*** | 7*** | 29*** | 27*** |
| 65‐69 | 24 | 24 | 23* | 24 | 25 | 22 | 24 |
| 70‐74 | 22 | 23 | 20*** | 21*** | 25** | 21 | 20** |
| 75‐79 | 16 | 16 | 13*** | 14*** | 19*** | 15 | 13*** |
| 80‐84 | 12 | 12 | 9*** | 11*** | 12 | 8** | 8*** |
| 85+ | 13 | 14 | 9*** | 10*** | 12** | 5*** | 8*** |
| Female | 55 | 55 | 58*** | 55 | 57* | 52 | 54 |
| Education | |||||||
| 8th grade or less | 6 | 3 | 9*** | 28*** | 12*** | 13*** | 8*** |
| Some high school | 9 | 7 | 17*** | 14*** | 7 | 11*** | 12*** |
| High school graduate | 32 | 33 | 32 | 25*** | 20*** | 32 | 28*** |
| Some college/2‐y degree | 27 | 28 | 26*** | 19*** | 19*** | 31 | 34*** |
| Bachelor degree | 11 | 12 | 7*** | 7*** | 21*** | 7* | 8*** |
| More than 4 y college | 15 | 17 | 9*** | 7*** | 21*** | 6*** | 11*** |
| General health status | |||||||
| Excellent | 8 | 9 | 5*** | 8 | 8 | 7 | 8 |
| Very good | 27 | 30 | 19*** | 18*** | 23*** | 18*** | 21*** |
| Good | 36 | 36 | 37 | 32*** | 40*** | 34 | 31*** |
| Fair | 22 | 20 | 31*** | 32*** | 23*** | 28*** | 27*** |
| Poor | 6 | 6 | 8*** | 10*** | 6 | 14*** | 13*** |
| Mental health status | |||||||
| Excellent | 24 | 26 | 19*** | 19*** | 21*** | 16*** | 20*** |
| Very good | 32 | 34 | 27*** | 23*** | 31*** | 28** | 27*** |
| Good | 28 | 27 | 32*** | 31*** | 32*** | 28 | 29* |
| Fair | 12 | 10 | 18*** | 22*** | 13*** | 21*** | 18*** |
| Poor | 3 | 3 | 4*** | 5*** | 3 | 7*** | 5*** |
| Dually eligible (Medicare/Medicaid) | 15 | 10 | 32*** | 32*** | 34*** | 33*** | 26*** |
| Low income subsidy deemed | 3 | 2 | 6*** | 5*** | 3 | 5*** | 5*** |
| Disabled | 16 | 14 | 31*** | 23*** | 8*** | 34*** | 32*** |
| Coverage type | |||||||
| FFS | 71 | 73 | 68*** | 54*** | 68*** | 83*** | 74 |
| MA | 29 | 27 | 32*** | 46*** | 32*** | 17*** | 26 |
| Census divisionb and Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands | |||||||
| New England | 5 | 6 | 2*** | 2*** | 2*** | 2*** | 4** |
| Middle Atlantic | 13 | 14 | 14 | 12*** | 14 | 5*** | 10*** |
| East North Central | 15 | 17 | 15*** | 4*** | 7*** | 8*** | 13*** |
| West North Central | 7 | 8 | 3*** | 1*** | 2*** | 9 | 6*** |
| South Atlantic | 20 | 19 | 33*** | 15*** | 11*** | 15* | 20 |
| East South Central | 7 | 7 | 10*** | 1*** | 1*** | 4** | 9*** |
| West South Central | 10 | 9 | 13*** | 17*** | 6*** | 20*** | 13*** |
| Mountain | 6 | 7 | 2*** | 8*** | 5*** | 20*** | 6* |
| Pacific | 14 | 12 | 7*** | 23*** | 53*** | 17** | 17*** |
| Puerto Rico or Virgins Islands | 1 | <1 | <1*** | 17*** | <1 | <1 | <1* |
Weighted. N = 284 627.
* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, and *** P < 0.001 for test of differences between White and each other group.
a4.1% of respondents did not report their race/ethnicity and are omitted from this table and all analyses.
bCensus divisions are created from state of beneficiary residence as follows: New England: CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT; Middle Atlantic: NJ, NY, PA; East North Central: IL, IN, MI, OH, WI; West North Central: IA, KS, MN, MO, ND, NE, SD; South Atlantic: DC, DE, FL, GA, MD, NC, SC, VA, WV; East South Central: AL, KY, MS, TN; West South Central: AR, LA, OK, TX; Mountain: AZ, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, UT, WY; Pacific: AK, CA, HI, OR, WA.