Figure 1.

Flow diagram of patient inclusion/exclusion parameters based on Medicare Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) program for these study populations: CMS Fee‐for‐Service CJR‐qualifying episodes, HVHC CMS/Clinically Linked CJR Episodes, and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota CMS/Clinically Linked CJR Episodes, and incrementally available patient‐level information available for each study population

• Note: Patient and Provider/Hospital Exclusions are not mutually exclusive; A single LEJR episode may be excluded for more than one exclusion factor.