Table 5.

Linear regression analysis for the association of maternal characteristics with child outcomes.

	Child BMI Z-score		HOMA-IR		Fasting glucose(mg/dL)		Sum of Skin Folds (mm)		Subscapular to Triceps Skinfold Ratio		Waist Circumference (cm)
	N = 553		N = 439		N = 439		N = 541		N = 551		N = 554
	Beta ± SE	p-Val	Beta ± SE	p-Val	Beta ± SE	p-Val	Beta ± SE	p-Val	Beta ± SE	p-Val	Beta ± SE	p-Val
Hispanic Ethnicity	0.685 ± 0.109	<.001	0.332 ± 0.066	<.001	2.93 ± 0.711	<.001	0.212 ± 0.034	<.001	0.116± 0.027	<.001	2.522 ± 0.694	<.001
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg)	0.077 ± 0.010	<.001	0.018 ± 0.007	.007	0.107 ± 0.070	.13	0.0169 ± 0.003	<.001	0.006 ± 0.0025	.015	0.409 ± 0.065	<.001
Maternal Weight Gain (kg)	0.024 ± 0.009	.007	0.001 ± 0.005	.82	−0.053 ± 0.058	.36	0.005 ± 0.003	.071	−0.002 ± 0.0021	.44	0.086 ± 0.056	.13

Variables included in models were composite maternal OGTT^*, age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy maternal BMI, maternal weight gain, neonatal factors of large for gestational age (LGA), small for gestational age (SGA), fat mass, and elevated cord c-peptide level, gender, and age of the child at exam. HOMA-IR, sum of skin folds, and subscapular to triceps skinfold ratios were log-transformed.

^*Composite OGTT, area under the curve (mg/dL×Hr) – Composite of fasting, 1, 2, and 3 hour OGTT values.