Table 2.
Linear Mixed Model of BMI Percentile over Age 3, 5, and 9 Years, According to Sum of Social Risk Score at Age 1 and 3 Years
| Total sample (%) | Initial BMIpa (β0j) (95% CI)c | Growth in BMIpb (β1j) (95% CI)c | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Girls (n = 1825) | |||
| Cumulative social risk | |||
| Cumulative social risk (0) | 420 (23.04) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Cumulative social risk (1) | 560 (30.67) | −0.12 (−3.99 to 3.75) | −0.34 (−1.84 to 1.16) |
| Cumulative social risk (2–3) | 574 (31.45) | −0.16 (−4.03 to 3.70) | 0.30 (−1.06 to 1.67) |
| Cumulative social risk (≥4) | 271 (14.84) | 0.77 (−3.67 to 5.21) | −1.77 (−3.39 to −0.15) |
| Boys (n = 1984) | |||
| Cumulative social risk | |||
| Cumulative social risk (0) | 436 (21.98) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Cumulative social risk (1) | 588 (29.65) | 0.45 (−2.71 to 3.60) | −0.25 (−1.43 to 0.92) |
| Cumulative social risk (2–3) | 650 (32.75) | 0.12 (−3.51 to 3.75) | −0.86 (−2.09 to 0.37) |
| Cumulative social risk (≥4) | 310 (15.63) | −1.17 (−6.30 to 3.96) | −0.79 (−2.55 to 0.97) |
The statistically significant results at an α = 0.05 level are in bold.
a
BMIp at age 3 years.
b
In the unit of 2 years.
c
Adjusted for race/ethnicity, maternal education, maternal marital status, receipt of public assistance, low birth weight, maternal BMI.
CI, confidence interval.