Fig. 1.

Bacteria in jejunal content decarboxylate levodopa to dopamine coinciding with their production of tyramine ex vivo. a Decarboxylation reaction for tyrosine and levodopa. b From left to right coinciding bacterial conversion of tyrosine (TYR) to tyramine (TYRM) and 1 mM of supplemented levodopa (LD) to dopamine (DA) during 24 h of incubation of jejunal content. The jejunal contents are from four different rats ranked form left to right based on the decarboxylation levels of tyrosine and levodopa, showing that tyrosine decarboxylation is coinciding with levodopa decarboxylation