Table 2.

Association between prenatal carbon monoxide (CO) exposure and GRAPHS study arm, considered independently, on cord blood mononuclear cell mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) percentage *: Linear regression.

Exposure	N	Univariate Model		Multivariable Model †
		$\mathsf{\beta }$ (SE)	p-Value	$\mathsf{\beta }$ (SE)	p-Value
Prenatal CO±	120	−1.78 (2.53)	0.48	−2.15 (2.68)	0.43
GRAPHS Study Arm
3-Stone Fire	57	Referent		Referent
BioLite Stove	35	9.61 (8.25)	0.25	5.92 (9.00)	0.51
LPG	28	20.75 (8.78)	0.02	19.34 (9.72)	0.049

* MtDNAcn percent change relative to the study population average. $†$ Models adjusted for infant sex; gestational age at delivery; maternal height, weight, age, ethnicity; household wealth index; and PCR plate number. $\pm$ Per 1 ppm increase in average prenatal CO exposure.