Table 5.

Penalized logistic regression analysis of tobacco consumption among adult women of reproductive age (discontinuous variables).

Variable		Tobacco Consumption
		2004			2006			2009			2011
		Estimate	SE	p-Value	Estimate	SE	p-Value	Estimate	SE	p-Value	Estimate	SE	p-Value
Residence	Rural vs. Urban	−0.112	0.089	0.208	−0.194	0.164	0.236	−0.052	0.194	0.790	−0.028	0.154	0.856
Age	24–29 vs. 18–23	0.187	0.292	0.522	0.557	0.470	0.236	−0.174	0.545	0.749	−0.331	0.432	0.443
	30–44 vs. 18–23	0.738	0.247	0.003 **	0.261	0.434	0.548	0.702	0.417	0.092	0.625	0.305	0.041 *
	45–49 vs. 18–23	1.092	0.263	<0.0001 **	0.986	0.454	0.030 *	1.046	0.462	0.024 *	1.004	0.370	0.007 **
Father resides with family	No vs. Yes	0.183	0.263	0.486	−0.344	0.617	0.577	1.350	0.614	0.028 *	0.160	0.394	0.685
Mother resides with family	No vs. Yes	0.042	0.241	0.861	0.521	0.605	0.389	−0.318	0.401	0.427	0.125	0.372	0.737
Marital status	Married vs. Single	−1.097	0.351	0.002 **	−0.933	0.605	0.123	−1.525	0.528	0.004 **	−1.612	0.461	0.006 **
	Divorced vs. Single	0.660	0.423	0.119	1.852	0.743	0.013 *	−0.782	1.151	0.497	0.029	0.633	0.963
	Widowed vs. Single	0.176	0.456	0.699	−1.607	1.282	0.210	0.845	0.710	0.234	0.376	0.689	0.585
	Separated vs. Single	0.046	1.172	0.969	0.797	1.501	0.596	0.947	1.298	0.466	1.028	1.367	0.452
Household registration type	Rural vs. Urban	0.312	0.104	0.003 **	0.519	0.208	0.013 *	0.333	0.223	0.134	0.088	0.167	0.596
Highest educational level	SPSG vs. PSB	0.291	0.146	0.046 *	0.732	0.388	0.059	0.001	0.293	0.996	0.366	0.236	0.122
	HSTS vs. PSB	−0.362	0.189	0.055	−0.269	0.460	0.559	−0.336	0.374	0.370	−0.125	0.300	0.676
	UA vs. PSB	−0.469	0.287	0.103	−1.444	0.968	0.136	0.032	0.523	0.951	−0.541	0.399	0.175
Current educational status	No vs. Yes	−0.070	0.246	0.777	−0.724	0.316	0.022 *	0.095	0.663	0.887	−0.055	0.409	0.894
Employment status	No vs. Yes	0.112	0.084	0.182	0.062	0.155	0.688	0.180	0.181	0.319	0.099	0.152	0.514
Alcohol consumption	Yes vs. No	0.683	0.089	<0.0001 **	0.664	0.180	0.0002 **	0.901	0.193	<0.0001 **	0.636	0.160	<0.0001 **

* Statistically significant (p < 0.05); ** Statistically significant (p < 0.01).