Table 1.
Characteristics and Requirements of wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs).
| Characteristics | Requirements | Approaches |
|---|---|---|
| Battery-powered | Energy efficiency | Energy-efficient computation |
| • Image compression algorithms: [26,27,28,29,30,31] | ||
| • Video compression algorithms: [32,33,34] | ||
| Dynamic power management: [35,36,37] | ||
| Energy-efficient communication | ||
| • Transport protocols: [38] | ||
| • MAC protocols: [39,40,41,42,43,44,45] | ||
| • Routing protocols: [46,47,48,49,50,51] | ||
| Real-time video data | QoS guarantees | Delay guarantee |
| • MAC protocols: [39,40,41,42,43,44,45] | ||
| • Routing protocols: [47,51] | ||
| Reliability guarantee: [13,52,53] | ||
| • MAC protocols: [41,42,44] | ||
| • Routing protocols: [46,47] | ||
| Prioritization and service differentiation: [4,54] | ||
| • MAC protocols: [39,40,41,42,43,44,45] | ||
| • Routing protocols: [47] | ||
| Quality of Experience | [55,56,57,58] | |
| Large volume of multimedia data | Reducing data redundancy | Local processing: [59,60,61,62] |
| Multimedia in-network processing | ||
| • Multimedia data fusion: [63,64] | ||
| • Multi-view video summarization [65] | ||
| Distributed source coding: [27,30,34,66,67,68] | ||
| In-network data storage and query processing: [69,70,71,72,73] | ||
| Higher bandwidth requirement | Multi-channel MAC protocols: [74,75,76] | |
| Multipath routing: [46,47,48,49,50,51] | ||
| Ultra Wideband technique: [77,78] | ||
| Directional sensor coverage | Accurate camera calibration | Intrinsic camera calibration: [79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86] |
| Extrinsic camera calibration: [79,80,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94] | ||
| Coverage optimization | [95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102] | |
| Camera sensor collaboration | [103,104] |