Table 2.

Development of body mass index and body mass index standard deviation scores over the follow-up according to sex

Follow-up age (years)	n (males, females)	BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR)		% Overweight* (males, females)	% Obesity** (males, females)	BMI SDS, median (IQR)		P-value
		Males	Females			Males	Females
4	137, 120	15.59 (1.58)	15.25 (1.70)	7.3, 8.3	1.5, 2.5	− 0.05 (1.32)	− 0.20 (1.33)	0.23
5	286, 267	15.52 (1.41)	15.21 (1.65)	6.6, 5.2	0.7, 0	0.08 (1.00)	− 0.15(1.21)	0.04
6	300, 287	15.48 (1.50)	15.29 (1.85)	6.3, 7.3	2.3, 0.7	0.00 (0.99)	− 0.13 (1.27)	0.04
7	311, 303	15.66 (1.75)	15.41 (2.07)	5.5, 7.9	1.9, 1.0	− 0.06 (1.03)	− 0.21 (1.24)	0.19
8	330, 313	15.91 (2.15)	15.78 (2.43)	5.8, 7.0	1.8, 1.0	− 0.13 (1.08)	− 0.20 (1.26)	0.13
9	350, 323	16.48 (2.51)	16.22 (2.60)	6.3, 5.0	0.6, 0.3	− 0.09 (1.10)	− 0.21 (1.21)	0.04
10	350, 323	17.12 (2.95)	16.61 (3.18)	6.0, 4.3	0.3, 0.3	− 0.07 (1.14)	− 0.28 (1.31)	0.01
11	345, 326	17.66 (3.30)	17.13 (3.46)	7.0, 3.4	0.6, 0	− 0.12 (1.17)	− 0.32 (1.29)	0.02
12	343, 323	18.36 (3.77)	18.1 (3.89)	6.1, 3.4	1.7, 0	− 0.14 (1.27)	− 0.23 (1.35)	0.15
13	340, 323	19.16 (3.78)	18.77 (3.76)	5.8, 4.6	1.5, 0	− 0.13 (1.27)	− 0.26 (1.29)	0.40
14	337, 316	19.76 (3.84)	19.64 (3.80)	6.2, 5.4	1.5, 0.3	− 0.17 (1.24)	− 0.21 (1.31)	0.39
15	335, 315	20.34 (4.25)	20.31 (3.74)	8.7, 5.1	1.2, 0	− 0.18 (1.40)	− 0.20 (1.29)	0.50
16	314, 289	21.07 (3.84)	20.89 (3.55)	9.6, 5.5	2.5, 0.3	− 0.10 (1.24)	− 0.16 (1.23)	0.14
17	287, 265	21.78 (4.37)	21.19 (3.66)	10.1, 4.9	2.4, 1.1	0.03 (1.38)	− 0.17 (1.27)	0.01
18	265, 256	22.21 (4.00)	21.47 (3.83)	9.1, 7.0	3.8, 1.2	0.13 (1.25)	− 0.10 (1.33)	< 0.01

BMI body mass index, IQR interquartile range, SDS standard deviation scores, n = count,  % = percentage. *BMI > 90th and **BMI > 97th age- and sex-specific percentile, according to the national German reference [53]. P-values of the difference between sexes were obtained from Wilcoxon-Mann–Whitney test