Table 1.

The clinicopathologic characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts

Variables	Training		Validation		P
	N = 197	%	N = 222	%
Age (years)
≤ 60	95	48.2	105	47.3	0.922
> 60	102	51.8	117	52.7
Sex
Male	122	61.9	147	66.2	0.414
Female	75	38.1	75	33.8
Location
Head	90	40.5	87	44.2	0.488
Body/tail	132	59.5	110	55.8
Metastasis
No	41	20.8	42	18.9	0.713
Yes	156	79.2	180	81.1
CA19-9 (U/mL)
≤ 37	44	22.3	52	23.4	0.817
> 37	153	77.7	170	76.6
TBIL (μmol/L)
≤ 17	162	82.2	184	82.9	0.898
> 17	35	17.8	38	17.1
ALB (g/L)
≤ 35	13	6.6	13	5.9	0.840
> 35	184	93.4	209	94.1
ALP (U/L)
≤ 125	139	70.6	157	70.7	1.000
> 125	58	29.4	65	29.3
ALT (U/L)
≤ 35	148	75.1	172	77.5	0.645
> 35	49	24.9	50	22.5
AST (U/L)
≤ 40	165	83.8	186	83.8	1.000
> 40	32	16.2	36	16.2

CA carbohydrate antigen, TBIL total bilirubin, ALB albumin, ALP alkaline phosphatase, ALT alanine transaminase, AST aspartate transaminase