Fig. 7.

Schematic diagram. a Schematic diagram showing induction of the mesenchymal-to-proneural transition by the depletion of ZDHHC18 and the upregulation of ZDHHC23. Heterogeneous distribution of glioma stem cells (GSCs) occurs in different types of niches and the transcriptional groups of glioblastoma are plastic. The response to stress might be chosen based on the dependence on DHHC proteins, in which cellular survival is promoted by ZDHHC18 under nutrient scarcity and low oxygen stress. b Schematic diagram showing that the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis maintains BMI1 protein stability in different GSC subtypes. In the proneural GSCs, ZDHHC23 recruits RNF144A for polyubiquitination of BMI1. However, ZDHHC18 hinders the association of RNF144A and BMI1 to reduce the level of polyubiquitinated BMI1 in the mesenchymal GSCs