Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with CRC stratified by BO
| Patient characteristics | Overall (N%) | No BO (N%) | BO (N%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 5293 (44.8%) | 3831 (44.0%) | 1462 (47.1%) |
| Female | 6521 (55.2%) | 4879 (56.0%) | 1642 (52.9%) |
| Age at diagnosis, years | |||
| 66–70 | 1525 (12.9%) | 966 (11.1%) | 559 (18.0%) |
| 71–75 | 1975 (16.7%) | 1296 (14.9%) | 679 (21.9%) |
| 76–80 | 2342 (19.8%) | 1617 (18.6%) | 725 (23.4%) |
| > 80 | 5972 (50.6%) | 4831 (55.5%) | 1141 (36.8%) |
| Race | |||
| White | 9421 (79.7%) | 6945 (79.7%) | 2476 (79.8%) |
| Black | 1566 (13.3%) | 1185 (13.6%) | 381 (12.3%) |
| Asian | 372 (3.1%) | 244 (2.8%) | 128 (4.1%) |
| Other | 455 (3.9%) | 336 (3.9%) | 119 (3.8%) |
| Marital status | |||
| Single + separated | 1358 (11.5%) | 1023 (11.7%) | 335 (10.8%) |
| Married | 4441 (37.6%) | 3015 (34.6%) | 1426 (45.9%) |
| Divorced + widowed | 5296 (44.8%) | 4073 (46.8%) | 1223 (39.4%) |
| Other | 719 (6.1%) | 599 (6.9%) | 120 (3.9%) |
| Residence location* | |||
| Big metro | 6750 (57.2%) | 4869 (55.9%) | 1881 (60.6%) |
| Metro or urban | 3814 (32.3%) | 2886 (33.1%) | 928 (29.9%) |
| Less urban or rural | 1247 (10.6%) | 952 (10.9%) | 295 (9.5%) |
| Median household income | |||
| 1st quartile | 2781 (23.5%) | 2094 (24.0%) | 687 (22.1%) |
| 2nd quartile | 2791 (23.6%) | 2058 (23.6%) | 733 (23.6%) |
| 3rd quartile | 2786 (23.6%) | 2037 (23.4%) | 749 (24.1%) |
| 4th quartile | 2791 (23.6%) | 2015 (23.1%) | 776 (25.0%) |
| Unknown | 665 (5.6%) | 506 (5.8%) | 159 (5.1%) |
| Level of education | |||
| 1st quartile | 2770 (23.4%) | 2032 (23.3%) | 738 (23.8%) |
| 2nd quartile | 2817 (23.8%) | 2068 (23.7%) | 749 (24.1%) |
| 3rd quartile | 2798 (23.7%) | 2061 (23.7%) | 737 (23.7%) |
| 4th quartile | 2762 (23.4%) | 2043 (23.5%) | 719 (23.2%) |
| Unknown | 667 (5.6%) | 506 (5.8%) | 161 (5.2%) |
| Year of diagnosis | |||
| 1992–1996 | 1228 (10.4%) | 758 (8.7%) | 470 (15.1%) |
| 1997–2001 | 1999 (16.9%) | 1478 (17.0%) | 521 (16.8%) |
| 2002–2005 | 3752 (31.8%) | 2796 (32.1%) | 956 (30.8%) |
| 2006–2009 | 4835 (40.9%) | 3678 (42.2%) | 1157 (37.3%) |
| Tumor characteristics | |||
| T category | |||
| Tis | 595 (5.0%) | 491 (5.6%) | 104 (3.4%) |
| T1 | 2054 (17.4%) | 1662 (19.1%) | 392 (12.6%) |
| T2 | 307 (2.6%) | 126 (1.4%) | 181 (5.8%) |
| T3 | 1647 (13.9%) | 596 (6.8%) | 1051 (33.9%) |
| T4a | 161 (1.4%) | 35 (0.4%) | 126 (4.1%) |
| T4b | 717 (6.1%) | 457 (5.2%) | 260 (8.4%) |
| Unknown | 6333 (53.6%) | 5343 (61.3%) | 990 (31.9%) |
| M category | |||
| M0 | 2475 (20.9%) | 1686 (19.4%) | 789 (25.4%) |
| M1 | 3311 (28.0%) | 2684 (30.8%) | 627 (20.2%) |
| Unknown | 6028 (51.0%) | 4340 (49.8%) | 1688 (54.4%) |
| Primary tumor site | |||
| Rectum | 4674 (39.6%) | 3666 (42.1%) | 1008 (32.5%) |
| Left-sided colon | 2624 (22.2%) | 1648 (18.9%) | 976 (31.4%) |
| Right-sided colon | 4516 (38.2%) | 3396 (39.0%) | 1120 (36.1%) |
| Histologic type | |||
| Adenocarcinoma | 11,200 (94.8%) | 8375 (96.2%) | 2825 (91.0%) |
| Mucinous carcinoma | 523 (4.4%) | 281 (3.2%) | 242 (7.8%) |
| Signet-ring cell carcinoma | 91 (0.8%) | 54 (0.6%) | 37 (1.2%) |
| Histologic grade | |||
| Well | 724 (6.1%) | 509 (5.8%) | 215 (6.9%) |
| Moderate | 5011 (42.4%) | 3327 (38.2%) | 1684 (54.3%) |
| Poor | 1488 (12.6%) | 973 (11.2%) | 515 (16.6%) |
| Undifferentiated | 96 (0.8%) | 69 (0.8%) | 27 (0.9%) |
| Unknown | 4495 (38.0%) | 3832 (44.0%) | 663 (21.4%) |
| Tumor size | |||
| < 35 mm | 1134 (9.6%) | 693 (8.0%) | 441 (14.2%) |
| 35–50 mm | 1039 (8.8%) | 522 (6.0%) | 517 (16.7%) |
| 50–65 mm | 1241 (10.5%) | 760 (8.7%) | 481 (15.5%) |
| ≥ 65 mm | 1103 (9.3%) | 639 (7.3%) | 464 (14.9%) |
| Unknown | 7297 (61.8%) | 6096 (70.0%) | 1201 (38.7%) |
| Presenting features | |||
| HCC risk score | |||
| 1st quartile | 2955 (25.0%) | 2232 (25.6%) | 723 (23.3%) |
| 2nd quartile | 2980 (25.2%) | 2079 (23.9%) | 901 (29.0%) |
| 3rd quartile | 2917 (24.7%) | 2089 (24.0%) | 828 (26.7%) |
| 4th quartile | 2962 (25.1%) | 2310 (26.5%) | 652 (21.0%) |
| History of alcoholism | |||
| No | 11,390 (96.4%) | 8369 (96.1%) | 3021 (97.3%) |
| Yes | 424 (3.6%) | 341 (3.9%) | 83 (2.7%) |
| Tobacco | |||
| No | 10,457 (88.5%) | 7690 (88.3%) | 2767 (89.1%) |
| Yes | 1357 (11.5%) | 1020 (11.7%) | 337 (10.9%) |
| History of colorectal polyps | |||
| No | 10,459 (88.5%) | 7710 (88.5%) | 2749 (88.6%) |
| Yes | 1355 (11.5%) | 1000 (11.5%) | 355 (11.4%) |
| Obesity | |||
| No | 10,916 (92.4%) | 8045 (92.4%) | 2871 (92.5%) |
| Yes | 898 (7.6%) | 665 (7.6%) | 233 (7.5%) |
| Treatment | |||
| Chemotherapy | |||
| Nonchemotherapy | 9105 (77.1%) | 6651 (76.4%) | 2454 (79.1%) |
| 5-FU/capecitabine | 1398 (11.8%) | 1047 (12.0%) | 351 (11.3%) |
| FOLFOX/CapeOX | 277 (2.3%) | 213 (2.4%) | 64 (2.1%) |
| FOLFIRI/XELIRI | 242 (2.0%) | 186 (2.1%) | 56 (1.8%) |
| FOLFOX/CapeOX + bevacizumab | 273 (2.3%) | 227 (2.6%) | 46 (1.5%) |
| FOLFIRI/XELIRI + bevacizumab | 42 (0.4%) | 29 (0.3%) | 13 (0.4%) |
| Other | 477 (4.0%) | 357 (4.1%) | 120 (3.9%) |
| Radiotherapy | |||
| No | 9912 (83.9%) | 7252 (83.3%) | 2660 (85.7%) |
| Yes | 1902 (16.1%) | 1458 (16.7%) | 444 (14.3%) |
| Presenting symptoms | |||
| Abdominal pain | |||
| No | 9091 (77.0%) | 6773 (77.8%) | 2318 (74.7%) |
| Yes | 2723 (23.0%) | 1937 (22.2%) | 786 (25.3%) |
| Abdominal mass | |||
| No | 11,414 (96.6%) | 8431 (96.8%) | 2983 (96.1%) |
| Yes | 400 (3.4%) | 279 (3.2%) | 121 (3.9%) |
| Abdominal distension | |||
| No | 11,624 (98.4%) | 8574 (98.4%) | 3050 (98.3%) |
| Yes | 190 (1.6%) | 136 (1.6%) | 54 (1.7%) |
| Ascites | |||
| No | 11,712 (99.1%) | 8630 (99.1%) | 3082 (99.3%) |
| Yes | 102 (0.9%) | 80 (0.9%) | 22 (0.7%) |
| Anemia | |||
| No | 10,688 (90.5%) | 7803 (89.6%) | 2885 (92.9%) |
| Yes | 1126 (9.5%) | 907 (10.4%) | 219 (7.1%) |
| Nutritional deficiency | |||
| No | 11,152 (94.4%) | 8153 (93.6%) | 2999 (96.6%) |
| Yes | 662 (5.6%) | 557 (6.4%) | 105 (3.4%) |
| Cachexia | |||
| No | 11,742 (99.4%) | 8649 (99.3%) | 3093 (99.6%) |
| Yes | 72 (0.6%) | 61 (0.7%) | 11 (0.4%) |
| Change of bowel habits | |||
| No | 11,394 (96.4%) | 8395 (96.4%) | 2999 (96.6%) |
| Yes | 420 (3.6%) | 315 (3.6%) | 105 (3.4%) |
| Change of character of stool | |||
| No | 9536 (80.7%) | 7064 (81.1%) | 2472 (79.6%) |
| Yes | 2278 (19.3%) | 1646 (18.9%) | 632 (20.4%) |
| Hemorrhage | |||
| No | 9366 (79.3%) | 6859 (78.7%) | 2507 (80.8%) |
| Yes | 2448 (20.7%) | 1851 (21.3%) | 597 (19.2%) |
| Diarrhea | |||
| No | 10,899 (92.3%) | 8022 (92.1%) | 2877 (92.7%) |
| Yes | 915 (7.7%) | 688 (7.9%) | 227 (7.3%) |
| Gatism | |||
| No | 11,728 (99.3%) | 8640 (99.2%) | 3088 (99.5%) |
| Yes | 86 (0.7%) | 70 (0.8%) | 16 (0.5%) |
| Loss of appetite | |||
| No | 11,569 (97.9%) | 8501 (97.6%) | 3068 (98.8%) |
| Yes | 245 (2.1%) | 209 (2.4%) | 36 (1.2%) |
| Vomiting | |||
| No | 11,066 (93.7%) | 8142 (93.5%) | 2924 (94.2%) |
| Yes | 748 (6.3%) | 568 (6.5%) | 180 (5.8%) |
| Weight loss | |||
| No | 10,672 (90.3%) | 7838 (90.0%) | 2834 (91.3%) |
| Yes | 1142 (9.7%) | 872 (10.0%) | 270 (8.7%) |
Abbreviations: CRC colorectal cancer, BO bowel obstruction, HCC the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service’s Hierarchical Condition Category, 5-FU 5-fluorouracil, FOLFOX 5-FU + oxaliplatin, CapeOX capecitabine + oxaliplatin, FOLFIRI 5-FU + irinotecan, and XELIRI capecitabine + irinotecan. *variable has missing data