Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Category of APOL1 Nephropathy Risk Variant Status
| Variables | APOL1 Risk Variants | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | ||
| N (%) | 4420 (41.68) | 4839 (45.63) | 1346 (12.69) | |
| Male sex, N (%) | 1701 (38.48) | 1888 (39.02) | 512 (38.04) | 0.76 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 64.06 (9.24) | 64.14 (9.35) | 63.36 (8.85) | 0.02 |
| Smoking, N (%) | 0.10 | |||
| Current | 774 (17.58) | 873 (18.12) | 213 (15.96) | |
| Never | 1961 (44.54) | 2183 (45.31) | 644 (48.24) | |
| Past | 1688 (37.88) | 1762 (36.57) | 478 (35.81) | |
| Prevalent stroke | 357 (8.10) | 363 (7.53) | 101 (7.52) | 0.56 |
| Prevalent coronary heart disease | 679 (15.67) | 734 (15.50) | 194 (14.70) | 0.69 |
| Diabetes mellitus, N (%) | 1266 (28.93) | 1454 (30.40) | 399 (29.84) | 0.30 |
| Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 1310 (53.58) | 2631 (55.30) | 748 (56.16) | 0.13 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD) | 130.52 (17.40) | 131.19 (17.35) | 131.34 (17.39) | 0.11 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean(SD) | 78.34 (10.07) | 78.59 (10.23) | 78.96 (9.93) | 0.12 |
| Hypertension medications N (%) | 2905 (66.51) | 3264 (68.16) | 914 (68.93) | 0.13 |
| Lipid-lowering medications, N (%) | 1310 (29.94) | 1500 (31.34) | 437 (32.71) | 0.11 |
| Triglycerides, mean (SD) | 115.59 (84.46) | 112.94 (65.01) | 114.27 (65.20) | 0.24 |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD) | 192.98 (40.92) | 193.47 (41.89) | 195.65 (39.50) | 0.01 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mean (SD) | 116.01 (36.24) | 117.29 (37.15) | 118.59 (35.00) | 0.051 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mean (SD) | 53.00 (15.48) | 53.43 (16.20) | 54.20 (16.77) | 0.049 |
| eGFR <60 mL7min per 1.73 m2, N (%)* | 563 (12.74) | 604 (12.48) | 190 (14.12) | 0.28 |
| ACR ≥30g/mg, N (%)† | 784 (17.74) | 882 (18.32) | 296 (21.99) | 0.002 |
| Chronic kidney disease, N (%)‡ | 1135 (25.7) | 1242 (25.7) | 396 (29.4) | 0.01 |
| hsCRP, mean (SD)§ | 5.62 (9.15) | 5.91 (11.53) | 5.62 (8.02) | 0.33 |
Results are presented as means (SE) or frequencies. P values denote differences between APOL1 categories (0 vs 1 vs 2 risk alleles). APOL1 indicates apolipoprotein L1; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; and LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
*
eGFR indicates estimated glomerular filtration rate.
†
ACR indicates urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
‡
Chronic kidney disease defined as an eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or an ACR ≥30 mg/g.
§
hsCRP indicates high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.