Table 4.
HRs (95% CIs) of Incident Ischemic Stroke, CHD, and the Composite Outcome Comparing 2 vs 0 or 1 APOL1 Risk Variants (Recessive Model), Stratified by Diabetes Status
| Events/Total N (%) | Crude, HR (95% CI) | Model 1, HR (95% CI) | Model 2, HR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No diabetes mellitus | ||||
| Ischemic stroke* | 197/6621 (3.0) | 1.36 (0.93–1.98) | 1.46 (0.99–2.14) | 2.32 (1.33–4.07) |
| CHD† | 174/6173 (2.8) | 1.37 (0.92–2.04) | 1.40 (0.94–2.09) | 1.31 (0.81–2.10) |
| Composite events‡ | 297/5755 (5.1) | 1.42 (1.05–1.92) | 1.48 (1.09–2.01) | 1.67 (1.12–2.47) |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||
| Ischemic stroke* | 131/2660 (4.9) | 0.74 (0.42–1.28) | 0.76 (0.44–1.33) | 0.55 (0.22–1.37) |
| CHD† | 148/2329 (6.4) | 0.85 (0.51–1.41) | 0.78 (0.46–1.34) | 0.53 (0.24–1.14) |
| Composite events‡ | 200/2072 (9.7) | 0.76 (0.49–1.18) | 0.76 (0.48–1.19) | 0.52 (0.26–1.03) |
Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, smoking, hypertension, and lipid-lowering medications (diabetes mellitus, events/N: stroke=129/2620; CHD=144/2296; composite=196/2044; no diabetes mellitus, events/N: stroke=193/6520; CHD=173/6085; composite=294/5675). Model 2 adjusted for variables in model 1 plus ancestry principal components (diabetes mellitus, events/N: stroke=60/1861; CHD=96/1669; composite=113/1489; no diabetes mellitus, events/N: stroke=67/4463; CHD=125/4225; composite=160/3946). Pinteraction for diabetes mellitus on the association of APOL1 high-risk status with incident stroke, CHD, and the composite outcome in the fully adjusted model (model 2) were 0.02, 0.07, and 0.008, respectively. CHD indicates coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; and HR, hazard ratio.
Excludes prevalent stroke, hemorrhagic, and nonadjudicated strokes.
Excludes prevalent coronary heart disease.
Excludes prevalent stroke, hemorrhagic strokes, nonadjudicated strokes, and prevalent coronary heart disease.