Figure 2.

IL-17 and TNFα increase ER stress and mitochondrial ROS in myoblasts. Myoblasts were treated with IL-17 (50 ng/mL) and/or TNFα (1 ng/mL) for 24 h. Expression of BiP/Grp78 protein was measured by western-blot and the band density was normalized with tubulin expression (A,B). Mitochondrial oxidative stress measurements (ROS) of human myoblasts was measured with the fluorescence intensity of CellRox Dye, using 40x objective of a confocal microscope Nikon A1r, scale bar 70 μm (C,D). Data are the mean of 4 to 7 independent experiments ± SEM, ^***p < 0.001 and ^****p < 0.0001 vs. control untreated condition.