Table 1.

Ring and Messmer classification

Grade	Symptoms
I	Skin symptoms and or mild fever reaction
II	Measurable, but not life threatening
	Cardiovascular reaction (tachycardia, hypotension)
	Gastrointestinal disturbance (nausea)
	Respiratory
III	Shock, life‐threatening spams of smooth muscles (bronchi, uterus)
IV	Cardiac and or respiratory arrest