ΔG calculated from eqn (2) using RT = 0.543 kcal mol−1, where R is the gas constant (1.987 cal mol−1 K−1) and T = temperature (293 K). Equilibrium constant K is calculated from K = exp (−ΔG/RT). References for concentrations (directly measured in the non-italicised text, derived from models based on whole cell lysate data in italicised text).