Table 2. STROBE -based quality analysis of the included studies.

No	Author	Study design	Setting	Participants	Sample size	Variables description	Outcome measurement	Statistical analysis	Total score
1	Massler and Frankel 6	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
2	Goose et al. 7	X	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	4
3	Mills 8	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
4	Grewe et al. 9	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
5	Helm 10	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
6	Thilander and Myrberg 11	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
7	Foster and Day 12	X	X	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	4
8	Ingervall et al. 13	X	X	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	4
9	Helm and Prydso 14	X	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	6
10	Lee et al. 15	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
11	Gardiner 16	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
12	De Muňiz 17	X	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	4
13	Kerosuo et al. 18	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
14	Woon et al. 19	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
15	Al-Emran et al. 20	X	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	4
16	El-Mangoury and Mostafa 21	X	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	4
17	Lew et al. 22	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
18	Tang 23	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
19	Harrison and Davis 24	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
20	Ng’ang’a et al. 25	X	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	6
21	Ben-Bassat et al. 26	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
22	Proffit et al. 27	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
23	Dacosta 28	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
24	Saleh 29	✓	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	5
25	Esa et al. 30	X	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	6
26	Thilander et al. 31	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
27	Freitas et al. 32	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
28	Bataringaya 33	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	7
29	Onyeaso 34	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
30	Tausche et al. 35	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
31	Alhaija et al. 36	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
32	Ali and Abdo 37	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
33	Behbehani et al. 38	X	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	6
34	Ciuffolo et al. 39	✓	X	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
35	Karaiskos 40	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
36	Ahangar Atashi 41	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
37	Gelgör et al. 42	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
38	Jonsson et al. 43	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	7
39	Josefsson et al. 44	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
40	Ajayi 45	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
41	Mtaya 46	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	7
42	Borzabadi-Farahani et al. 47	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
43	Daniel et al. 48	X	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	6
44	Šidlauskas and Lopatienė 49	X	X	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	4
45	Alhammadi 50	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
46	Bhardwaj et al. 51	✓	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	5
47	Nainani and Relan 52	✓	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	5
48	Bugaighis et al. 53	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
49	Kaur et al. 54	X	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	5
50	Reddy et al. 55	✓	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	5
51	Bilgic F et al. 56	✓	✓	✓	X	✓	✓	✓	6
52	Gupta et al. 57	X	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	4
53	Narayanan et al. 58	✓	✓	✓	X	X	✓	✓	5