. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 21.

Published in final edited form as: Hepatology. 2018 May 9;68(1):113–126. doi: 10.1002/hep.29789

TABLE 1.

Summary of Published Imaging Features of Presumed cHCC-CCA

Citation	No.	Modality	Major Features	Ancillary Features
Fowler K, AJR 2013⁽¹⁷⁾	29 cases	Dynamic phase CT and MRI	100% APHE (14%-16% peripheral) 33%-41% washout 22%-26% capsule	17%-35% biliary duct dilation 0% intralesional lipid 48%-74% delayed enhancement 42%-45% capsular retraction 10%-11% peripheral APHE/rim washout/delayed enhancement central
De Campos, JMRI 2012⁽⁴⁶⁾	11 cases	Dynamic phase MRI	100% APHE (6/11 ring) 45% washout 18% capsule	72% delayed enhancement (or a component of it mixed with washout) 9% biliary duct dilation 27% vascular invasion
Hwang, JMRI 2012⁽⁴⁷⁾	20 cases	Gadoxetate disodium MRI	85% APHE (rim)	50% target on HBP/10 minutes (complete or partial) 85% T2 hypointense area 60% irregular shape
Willekens, World J Gastroenterol 2009⁽⁵¹⁾	1 case	Dynamic phase MRI	APHE	Mild T2 hyperintensity
Aoki, Hepatology 1993⁽⁴⁴⁾	20 cases	Dynamic CT	64% (9/14) APHE (rim) 29% (4/14) confluent APHE 29% (4/14) washout	64% (9/14) central progressive
Sanada, Hepatology Res 2005⁽⁵⁰⁾	11 cases	Dynamic CT	100% APHE (20% rim) 40% washout	60% delayed enhancement
Wells, Abdom Imaging 2015⁽¹⁶⁾	39 cases	Dynamic CT, dynamic MRI, PET/CT, US	100% APHE (rim 86%) 7% washout 10% capsule	11% necrosis 3% intralesional fat 10% vascular invasion 26% capsular retraction
Komuta, Hepatology 2012⁽²⁷⁾	24 cases	Dynamic MRI	APHE (rim or diffuse 54.2%) 75% washout (rim or multinodular)	79% heterogenous signal intensity at T2 weighted imaging (central hypointensity)

Abbreviations: PET, positron emission tomography; US, ultrasound; HBP, hepatobiliary phase