Table 1.
Changes in age and cephalometric and dental cast measurements
| PARAMETER | Pre-treatment | Post-treatment | Treatment Difference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| N | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p | |
| Age (years) | 20 | 14.05 | 2.4 | 14.75 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | |
| SNA (°) | 20 | 78.7 | 3.7 | 79.3 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.003 ** |
| SNB (°) | 20 | 75.8 | 3.5 | 76.4 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.004 ** |
| ANB (°) | 20 | 2.9 | 1.4 | 3 | 1.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.666 NS |
| SN/GoGn (°) | 20 | 33.3 | 3.6 | 33 | 3.6 | −0.3 | 0.6 | 0.033 * |
| SN/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 9.8 | 3.5 | 9.9 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.832 NS |
| SN/OP (°) | 20 | 16.6 | 3.5 | 16.7 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.746 NS |
| ANS-PNS/GoMe (°) | 20 | 26.1 | 4 | 25.7 | 3.9 | −0.4 | 0.9 | 0.120 NS |
| U6/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 81.6 | 5.9 | 72.7 | 6.4 | −8.9 | 3.1 | 0.001 *** |
| U6-ANS-PNS (mm) | 20 | 24.9 | 2.8 | 24.3 | 2.9 | −0.6 | 1 | 0.019 * |
| U6-PNS vertical (mm) | 20 | 22.2 | 2.9 | 18 | 3.1 | −4.2 | 0.8 | 0.001 *** |
| U7/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 66.6 | 4.8 | 58.3 | 4.2 | −8.3 | −11 | 0.001 *** |
| U7-ANS-PNS (mm) | 20 | 18.5 | 4.2 | 18.1 | 4.3 | −0.4 | 0.7 | 0.010 * |
| U7-PNS vertical (mm) | 20 | 9.3 | 3.6 | 5.8 | 3.5 | −3.5 | 0.9 | 0.001 *** |
| U5/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 83.2 | 3.9 | 79.8 | 3.9 | −3.4 | 1.6 | 0.001 *** |
| U5-ANS-PNS (mm) | 20 | 25.9 | 2.9 | 26 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.287 NS |
| U5-PNS vertical (mm) | 20 | 28.1 | 3.8 | 26 | 3.8 | −2.1 | 0.6 | 0.001 *** |
| U4/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 91.6 | 5 | 90.8 | 5.2 | −0.8 | 1.7 | 0.066 NS |
| U4-ANS-PNS (mm) | 20 | 27.5 | 2.6 | 27.1 | 2.9 | −0.4 | 0.7 | 0.008 ** |
| U4-PNS vertical (mm) | 20 | 36.7 | 4.1 | 37.1 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.020 * |
| U1/ANS-PNS (°) | 20 | 110.1 | 5.7 | 110.4 | 6.5 | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.444 NS |
| U1-ANS-PNS (mm) | 20 | 30.2 | 2.7 | 30.5 | 2.8 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.097 NS |
| U1-PNS vertical (mm) | 20 | 54.4 | 3.5 | 55 | 3.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.002 ** |
| U1/L1 (°) | 20 | 128.3 | 9 | 127.9 | 9.9 | −0.4 | 2.9 | 0.540 NS |
| Overjet (mm) | 20 | 3.5 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 2 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.172 NS |
| Overbite (mm) | 20 | 3 | 1.4 | 3.3 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.465 NS |
| UL-S line (mm) | 20 | −0.8 | 2.1 | −0.9 | 2 | −0.1 | 1.1 | 0.759 NS |
| LL-S line (mm) | 20 | −0.2 | 2.6 | −0.1 | 2.5 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.359 NS |
| UL6 m-UR6 m (mm) | 20 | 50 | 3.3 | 52.3 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 1,2 | 0.001 *** |
| UL6d-UR6d (mm) | 20 | 53.5 | 3.3 | 55.8 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 1 | 0.001 *** |
| UL6 mp/MPL (°) | 20 | 50.7 | 6.8 | 50.1 | 5.1 | −0.6 | 5.7 | 0.659 NS |
| UR6 mp/MPL (°) | 20 | 53.1 | 6.5 | 52.6 | 5 | −0.5 | 5.6 | 0.693 NS |
p<0.05*; p<0.01**; p<0.001***; NS: nonsignificant
m: mesiobuccal cusp; d: distobuccal cusp; p: palatal cusp; MPL: midpalatal line