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. 2019 Jan 11;5(1):e000701. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000701

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Decreased mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway-related gene and protein expression in circulating B cells from patients with pSS. (A) The mTOR pathway is activated by growth factor and B cell receptor signalling and consists of two complexes: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). mTORC1 activation leads to phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein. (B) Decreased expression of IGF1R and RPTOR in circulating B cells from patients with pSS (C) correlates with serum IgG levels. (D) Representative histograms. (E) Phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein (indicating mTOR activity) is decreased in circulating B cells from patients with pSS as compared with healthy controls. A similar trend is seen in circulating T cells. Medians are shown. HC, healthy controls; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; nSS, non-Sjögren’s sicca; pSS, primary Sjögren’s syndrome; pS6, phosphorylated S6.