Table 3. Clinical and laboratory features of pediatric SCARs.
| Characteristic | DRESS (n = 7) | SJS (n = 36) | TEN (n = 4) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cutaneous lesion extent (%) | 99 (91.0–100) | 67.5 (37.1–100) | 99.5 (97.9–100) | |
| Cutaneous findings | ||||
| Rash | 5 (71.4) | 34 (94.4) | 4 (100) | |
| Target sign | 5 (13.9) | 2 (50) | ||
| Desquamation | 8 (22.2) | 2 (50) | ||
| Blister | 20 (55.6) | 3 (75) | ||
| Nikolsky signs | 5 (13.9) | 4 (100) | ||
| Skin detachment | ||||
| Day 1 | 1 (14.3) | 6 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | |
| Day 7 | 5 (13.9) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Tachycardia* | ||||
| Day 1 | 6 (16.7) | 1 (25.0) | ||
| Day 7 | 2 (50.0) | |||
| Mucosa involvement | 1 (14.3) | 33 (91.7) | 4 (100) | |
| Oral | 1 | 23 | 3 | |
| Labial | 19 | 4 | ||
| Ocular | 12 | 4 | ||
| Genital | 6 | 2 | ||
| Respiratory | 4 | 1 | ||
| Lymphadenitis | 1 (14.3) | 1 (2.8) | 2 (50) | |
| Fever | 6 (85.7) | 24 (66.7) | 3 (75) | |
| Fever duration (day) | 5.0 (4.0–8.0) | 4.0 (2.0–6.0) | 13 (10–21.5) | |
| Hematologic finding | ||||
| Leukocytosis† | 3 (42.9) | 2 (5.6) | 1 (25) | |
| Leukopenia‡ | 2 (28.6) | 10 (27.8) | 2 (50) | |
| Atypical lymphocytosis§ | 2 (28.6) | 2 (5.6) | 1 (25) | |
| Eosinophilia∥ | 3 (42.9) | 4 (11.1) | 3 (75) | |
| Thrombocytopenia¶ | 2 (28.6) | 7 (19.4) | 2 (50) | |
| Liver function abnormality** | 7 (100) | 13 (36.1) | 2 (50) | |
| Renal function abnormality†† | 1 (2.8) | 1 (25) | ||
Values are presented as median (IQR) or number (%).
SCARs, severe cutaneous adverse reactions; DRESS, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms; SJS, Stevens-Johnson syndrome; TEN, toxic epidermal necrolysis; IQR, interquartile range.
*Tachycardia: heart rate > 160 beats/min in 0–2 years and heart rate > 120 beats/min in > 2 years; †Leukocytosis: white blood cell count > 20,000/μL; ‡Leukopenia: white blood cell count < 4,000/μL; §Atypical lymphocytosis: atypical lymphocyte ≥ 5%; ∥Eosinophilia: eosinophil > 4%; ¶Thrombocytopenia: platelet < 150,000/μL; **Abnormalities in liver function tests: serum level of alanine transaminase > 40 IU/L; ††Abnormalities in renal function tests: glomerular filtration rate < 100 mL/min/1.73 m2.