Table 4.

Study characteristics using Analytic Hierarchy Process Framework

Item	Variable definition
Year of publication	Based on year of NKF-KDOQI CKD definition and classification •Pre-2002 •Post-2002
CKD defining criteria (KDIGO convention or ICD codes)	ICD codes diagnosis NKF/KDQI convention KDIGO convention (2012 onward)
Setting/sampling frame	Single community Admin data/hospital-based records Regional/provincial National Across continent/world region Special populations (e.g., natives, SES, racial)
Sample size (N)
Sex distribution
Age distribution
Risk factor/etiology profiling Prevalence distribution by subgroups: •Age groups •Sex •Diabetes status (yes, no) •Hypertension status (yes, no) •Obesity (yes, no) •Other, please specify
Study design	Cross-sectional Cohort Registry/surveillance system (e.g., UK QoF) Secondary modeled data (systematic reviews and meta-analysis, CKD consortia reports)
Data source	Published literature Published government reports National/regional/community-based surveys or screening programs Data provided by national/regional leaders
Study era	Year of assessment of CKD prevalence

CKD, chronic kidney disease; ICD, International Classification of Diseases; NKF, National Kidney Foundation; KDIGO, Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes; KDOQI, Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative; QoF, quality and outcomes framework; SES, socioeconomic status.