Table 2.

Estimated in vitro IC₅₀ values (μg/ml) for commonly used tropical medicinal herbs

CYP isoenzyme, metabolite monitored	Alstonia boonei	Mangifera indica	Musa sapientum	Allium sativum	Tetracarpidium conophorum	Gongronema latifolium	Bauhinia monandra	Moringa oleifera	Picralima nitida
CYP1A2, ACET	1104.95	54.83	1877.67	1431.57	1885.55	612.73	342.23	320.44	242.17
CYP2A6, 7‐OH‐COU	1916.01	222.72	ND	ND	4454.91	1103.52	1155.57	1343.99	862.60
CYP2B6, OH‐BUP	1213.23	57.83	1599.17	2318.16	3490.68	1096.56	1124.28	2280.15	469.00
CYP2C8, OH‐REPA	3209.33	37.93	27700.95	18745.49	ND	1255.15	389.37	1505.32	482.77
CYP2C9, OH‐DICL	507.96	107.48	48418.95	11285.64	ND	61940.47	1636.28	698.93	814.10
CYP2C19, DeM‐OME	356.20	115.48	4564.07	11897.19	12435.72	985.15	1329.80	1018.33	84.90
CYP2C19, 5‐OH‐OME	604.11	88.03	7129.64	7388.26	4683.85	700.66	1075.17	1108.75	73.06
CYP2D6, OdeM‐DEX	77.19	67.39	5783.82	12064.57	14054.21	1831.03	845.45	1929.26	1.19
CYP3A4, 3‐OH‐OME	460.99	104.56	8329.64	ND	5221.69	782.51	1441.96	3421.92	45.58
CYP3A4, SO2‐OME	973.88	125.79	17804.40	41358.77	8768.02	968.97	2291.01	7129.55	74.68
CYP3A4, 6β‐OH‐TES	529.63	90.89	10572.55	ND	5841.71	489.35	1030.02	2084.59	57.39
CYP3A4, 1‐OH‐MDZ	4411.11	203.63	ND	ND	82787.13	3384.92	10694.17	ND	222.64

IC₅₀ value in bold represent significant inhibition of CYP isoenzymes with IC₅₀ < 100 μg/ml, (ND) Not determined. Metabolites monitored the following: acetaminophen (ACET), 7‐hydroxycoumarin (7‐OH‐COU), hydroxybupropion (OH‐BUP), hydroxyrepaglinide (OH‐REPA), 4‐hydroxydiclofenac (OH‐DICL), 5‐hydroxyomeprazole (5‐OH‐OME), desmethylomeprazole (DeM‐OME), Dextrorphan (OdeM‐DEX), 3‐hydroxyomeprazole (3‐OH‐OME), omeprazole sulfone (SO2‐OME), 6β‐hydroxytestosterone (6β‐OH‐TES), 1‐hydroxymidazolam (1‐OH‐MDZ).