Figure 5.

(a) SEM image of the nine silicon nanoneedles that constitutes the active region of a 3D-NEA. (b) SEM micrograph of a rat cortical neuron on top of an electrode pad; (c) example of stimulation and recording of rat cortical neurons showing that Action potentials (upper blue trace, measured by a patch pipette) could be reliably stimulated by voltage pulses applied to the nanoelectrodes (lower magenta trace; reprinted with permission from Alivisatos et al., 2013, American Chemical Society).