Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of all variables used in analyses
| Mean or % | SD | |
|---|---|---|
| Dependent Variables | ||
| Mother-reported contact with child in past 30 days (y9) (%) | 88.9 | |
| Mother-reported shared responsibility in parenting (y9) | 2.295 | 1.194 |
| Mother-reported cooperation in parenting (y9) | 2.891 | 1.170 |
| Independent Variables | ||
| Relationship history (b, y1, y3, y5) (%) | ||
| Relationship churning | 16.1 | |
| Stably together | 42.4 | |
| Stably broken up | 14.3 | |
| Repartnered | 27.2 | |
| Explanatory Variables | ||
| Mother-reported relationship quality (y9) | 2.816 | 1.460 |
| Mother repartnered (y9) (%) | 33.8 | |
| Mother childbearing with new partner (y9) (%) | 16.1 | |
| Father-reported relationship quahty (y9) | 3.163 | 1.400 |
| Father repartnered (y9) (%) | 15.2 | |
| Father childbearing with new partner (y9) (%) | 26.8 | |
| Control Variables | ||
| Mother’s race/ethnicity (b) (%) | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 23.2 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 49.8 | |
| Hispanic | 23.6 | |
| Non-Hispanic other race | 3.4 | |
| Mother and father are mixed-race couple (b) (%) | 14.4 | |
| Mother’s age (b) | 25.247 | 6.028 |
| Father’s age (b) | 27.748 | 7.221 |
| Mother lived with both biological parents at age 15 (b) (%) | 42.1 | |
| Father Uved with both biological parents at age 15 (b) (%) | 43.9 | |
| Mother’s educational attainment (b) (%) | ||
| Less than high school | 30.5 | |
| High school diploma or GED | 31.6 | |
| Some college | 25.9 | |
| College degree | 12.0 | |
| Father’s educational attainment (b) (%) | ||
| Less than high school | 30.5 | |
| High school diploma or GED | 36.8 | |
| Some college | 21.8 | |
| College degree | 11.0 | |
| Parents’ relationship status (b) (%) | ||
| Married | 25.8 | |
| Cohabiting | 35.6 | |
| Nonresidential romantic | 27.4 | |
| Separated | 11.1 | |
| Father provided financial support during pregnancy (b) (%) | 86.8 | |
| Father provided instrumental support during pregnancy (b) (%) | 72.6 | |
| Mother material hardship (yl) | 1.152 | 1.602 |
| Father material hardship (yl) | 0.407 | 1.071 |
| Mother employed (y1) (%) | 55.7 | |
| Father employed (y1) (%) | 77.4 | |
| Mother depression (y1) (%) | 15.9 | |
| Father depression (y1) (%) | 11.4 | |
| Parents have only one child together (y1) (%) | 62.1 | |
| Child is boy (b) (%) | 52.2 | |
| Child temperament (y1) | 3.420 | 0.753 |
| N | 2,832 |
Notes: b measured at baseline survey, y1 measured at one-year survey, y3 measured at three-year survey, y5 measured at five-year survey, and y9 measured at nine-year survey.