. 2018 Oct 19;93(1):179–188. doi: 10.1007/s00204-018-2322-9

Table 1.

Impact of the two cannabinoids on MN formation and on the rates of various nuclear aberrations in HepG2 cells

Compounds	Concentrations (µM)	CPBI	CT	BN-MN^a	MNi^b	Nbuds	NPBs	Necrosis	Apoptosis
Compounds	Concentrations (µM)	Mean ± SD	%	Mean (‰) ± SD	Mean (‰) ± SD	Mean (‰) ± SD	Mean (‰) ± SD	Mean (‰) ± SD	Mean (‰) ± SD
Neg. Ctrl	0	2.04 ± 0.03	–	5.25 ± 0.35	5.75 ± 0.35	4.75 ± 0.35	3.50 ± 0.71	6.25 ± 0.35	3.00 ± 0.71
CBD	0.07	2.00 ± 0.08	3.92	6.50 ± 1.41	6.50 ± 1.41	16.00 ± 2.12*	5.25 ± 0.35	16.25 ± 1.77*	13.50 ± 0.71*
	0.22	1.93 ± 0.04	10.60	21.00 ± 1.41*	31.00 ± 2.12*	25.50 ± 2.83*	8.50 ± 1.41*	21.00 ± 0.70*	25.25 ± 3.18*
	0.66	1.83 ± 0.04	20.22	31.25 ± 2.47*	46.25 ± 3.89*	37.25 ± 1.06*	10.00 ± 1.41*	30.75 ± 1.77*	29.00 ± 1.41*
	2.00	1.72 ± 0.01	30.76	39.25 ± 3.89*	53.25 ± 2.47*	43.00 ± 2.83*	14.00 ± 0.71*	33.50 ± 2.12*	37.25 ± 1.77*
SC^c		1.80 ± 0.00	23.05	5.00 ± 1.41	6.25 ± 0.35	5.50 ± 1.41	3.25 ± 1.06	6.75 ± 1.06	3.00 ± 0.71
CBDV	0.07	1.95 ± 0.05	9.17	6.00 ± 0.71	6.00 ± 0.71	15.25 ± 1.77*	6.00 ± 2.12	15.25 ± 2.47*	13.75 ± 1.77*
	0.22	1.93 ± 0.04	10.60	26.00 ± 2.83*	29.75 ± 1.77*	36.25 ± 3.18*	10.00 ± 0.71*	18.50 ± 1.41*	21.75 ± 1.06*
	0.66	1.79 ± 0.01	24.03	32.00 ± 0.71*	45.50 ± 1.41*	40.00 ± 2.12*	13.25 ± 1.77*	24.5 ± 1.41*	28.75 ± 3.89*
	2.00	1.77 ± 0.03	25.97	41.25 ± 2.47*	51.25 ± 3.89*	45.75 ± 2.47*	16.00 ± 2.12*	34.75 ± 2.47*	30.00 ± 2.83*
SC^c		1.81 ± 0.02	22.54	5.00 ± 00	5.75 ± 0.35	5.00 ± 0.71	3.25 ± 0.35	6.25 ± 1.06	3.00 ± 0.71
Pos. Ctrl	500 µg/mL	1.80 ± 0.01	23.54	42.25 ± 5.30*	56.75 ± 1.06*	35.50 ± 1.41*	11.75 ± 1.06*	16.25 ± 1.77*	9.25 ± 3.18

CBPI cytokinesis-block proliferation indices, CT cytostasis (%), HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of the test compounds for 3 h. Numbers represent results (means ± SD) obtained in two independent experiments, and in each experiment, two cultures were made per experimental point. Four slides were prepared and 2000 cells were evaluated. All statistical calculations are based on comparisons between results which were obtained with cells which had been treated with the test compounds and results which were obtained with corresponding solvent controls.

BN–MNi binucleated cells with micronuclei, MNi micronuclei, Nbuds nuclear buds, NPBs nucleoplasmatic bridges, Neg. Ctrl cells cultivated in medium, SC solvent control, Pos. Ctrl cyclophosphamide (500 µg/ml)

*Significant differences from solvent control values (Dunnett test, p ≤ 0.05)

^aNumber of binucleated cells with MN

^bTotal number of MN from binucleated cells

^cMethanol was used as solvent control [0.06% (v/v) in experiments with CBD and 0.05% (v/v) in experiments with CBDV]