Figure 3.

Cytosolic Ca²⁺ transients. (A) Representative Indo-1 Ca²⁺ transient recordings from cardiac myocytes from one heart in each group. (B) Mean peak Ca²⁺ transients from multiple cardiac myocytes from each group, showing increased peak Ca²⁺ transients in cardiac myocytes isolated form mice with HF versus HF mice treated with UCn3 gene transfer (HF + UCn3). (C) Time-to-peak cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration showed no group difference between mice with HF that received saline versus UCn3 gene transfer. (D) Time constant of cytosolic Ca²⁺ decline (tau) showed shorter tau (more rapid decline) in cardiac myocytes isolated from mice following UCn3 gene transfer. (E) Rate of sarcomere shortening in systole (+dL/dt) was higher in HF animals that received UCn3 gene transfer. (F) Rate of sarcomere lengthening in diastole (–dL/dt) was higher in HF animals that received UCn3 gene transfer. In (B–F), summary data are from cardiac myocytes isolated from three to five mice per group. Mean ± SE are shown; p-values are from a Student's t-test (unpaired, two-tailed). Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/hum