Table 1A.

Peanut oral immunotherapy.

Study	Food allergen	N	Age Range	Study design	Maintenance Dose	Desensitization Outcome	Long-term results	Adverse events
Hofmann et al. 200962 Jones et al. 200946	Peanut	39	1–16 years	Open-label, not controlled.	300–1800 mg	71% reached 300 mg daily dose.	69% (27/39) passed OFC at 1800 mg (total 3.9 g).	Escalation: 92% symptomatic, 15% needed epinephrine. 3.7 % of 14,773 doses during up-dosing or maintenance, mostly minor.
Blumchen et al. 201047	Peanut	23	3–14 years	Open label, not controlled.	?500 mg	61% (14/23) reached 500 mg daily for 8 weeks.	After 2 weeks off OIT, 14/23 (100% who reached maintenance) tolerated 500 mg in DBPCFC, 17% tolerated 4 g.	Escalation: subjective symptoms with 25/317 (7.9 %) doses. Reactions with 160/6137 (2.6 %) of buildup/maintenance doses.
Varshney et al. 201148	Peanut	28 (2:1 OIT: placebo)	1–16 years	RCT, placebo-controlled, double-blind.	Up to 4000 mg daily	80% on OIT tolerated 4000 mg daily for 1 year, 80% on OIT passed 5000 mg DBPCFC after 1 year.	N/A	Escalation: 47% (9/19) of OIT had symptoms, 2 required epinephrine. Reactions with 1.2 % of buildup/maintenance doses.
Vickery et al. 201433	Peanut	39	1–16 years	Open label, not controlled (enrolled patients from53 and24).	300 mg OR 1800 mg (if passed 3900mg OFC), then 4000 mg daily	66% (26/39) reached 4000 mg daily.	After 4 weeks off OIT, 31% (12/39) tolerated 5000 mg OFC and open dose.	15% withdrew for allergic side effects.
Anagnostou et al. 201463	Peanut	99	7–16 years	RCT, placebo-controlled, double-blind. (OIT/placebo), control group crossed over to active OIT.	800 mg	Phase 1: 84% OIT, 0 % placebo passed 1400 mg DBPCFC. Phase 2: placebo patients switched to OIT, 54% passed the same DBPCFC.	Phase 1: 62% OIT, 0 % placebo tolerated 800 mg daily at 26 weeks. Phase 2: placebo patients switched to OIT, 91% tolerated 800 mg daily at 26 weeks. QoL improved in both groups.	Up-dosing: Mild adverse events in 6.3 % of doses. 1 patient received epinephrine for 2 separate reactions.
Narisety et al. 201532	Peanut	21	7–13 years	RCT, parallel intervention, double blind (1:1 OIT/SLIT).	2000 mg OIT, 3.7 mg SLIT	50% SLIT, 45% OIT passed OFC 10g at 6–12 months.	Sustained unresponsiveness: 50% (2/4) OIT, 20% (1/5) SLIT passed repeat OFC 10 g after 4 weeks peanut avoidance.	Reactions to 43% of OIT, 9 % of SLIT. 5 OIT reactions required epinephrine. 1 OIT patient developed eosinophilic esophagitis and withdrew.
Syed et al. 201428	Peanut	43	5–45 years	RCT, open label (OIT/peanut avoidance).	4000 mg	20/23 OIT, 0 % (0/20) control desensitized (passed DBPCFC 4 g) at 24 months.	Sustained unresponsiveness: after off peanut OIT for 3 months, 30% (7/23) passed DBPCFC at 27 months. After off peanut for 6 months, 13% (3/7 SU, 3/23 ITT) remained tolerant (passed DBPCFC).	N/A
Tang et al. 201545	Peanut and lactobacillus	62	1–10 years	RCT, placebo controlled, double blind (Probiotic?+?OIT vs. placebo?+?placebo OIT).	2000 mg	90% probiotic?+?OIT, 7 % placebo desensitized (DBPCFC).	Sustained unresponsiveness: 82% probiotic, 4 % placebo (DBPCFC 2–5 weeks after probiotic discontinued).	45% probiotic, 32% placebo patients had ?1 severe adverse event. 1 patient had anaphylaxis to probiotic.