Table 5.
Associations between cumulative cell phone use and risk of thyroid cancer by duration of cell phone use.
| Phone use ≤15 years |
Phone use > 15 years |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cell phone user | Case | OR (95% CI)a | P for trend | Case | OR (95% CI)a | P for trend |
| Overall | ||||||
| Cumulative use hour | 0.138 | 0.254 | ||||
| ≤4,380 hours | 85 | 1.07 (0.68, 1.70) | 0 | - | ||
| 4,380–13140 hours | 42 | 1.07 (0.60, 1.88) | 30 | 1.22 (0.64, 2.32) | ||
| >13,140 hours | 42 | 1.68 (0.92, 3.07) | 45 | 1.42 (0.77, 2.61) | ||
| Cumulative phone call | 0.475 | 0.142 | ||||
| ≤10,220 calls | 109 | 0.98 (0.65, 1.49) | 10 | 0.76 (0.27, 2.15) | ||
| 10,220–41,975 calls | 74 | 0.82 (0.51, 1.32) | 24 | 0.96 (0.48, 1.89) | ||
| >41,975 calls | 53 | 0.88 (0.52, 1.50) | 61 | 1.56 (0.90, 2.70) | ||
| Well-differentiated | ||||||
| Cumulative use hour | 0.139 | 0.349 | ||||
| ≤4,380 hours | 84 | 1.09 (0.69, 1.74) | 0 | - | ||
| 4,380–13140 hours | 40 | 1.03 (0.58, 1.84) | 28 | 1.14 (0.59, 2.20) | ||
| >13,140 hours | 42 | 1.71 (0.94, 3.12) | 42 | 1.36 (0.73, 2.52) | ||
| Cumulative phone call | 0.488 | 0.228 | ||||
| ≤10,220 calls | 107 | 0.99 (0.65, 1.51) | 10 | 0.77 (0.27, 2.18) | ||
| 10,220–41,975 calls | 72 | 0.81 (0.50, 1.31) | 24 | 0.97 (0.49, 1.92) | ||
| >41,975 calls | 53 | 0.90 (0.53, 1.53) | 56 | 1.45 (0.83, 2.54) | ||
| Papillary | ||||||
| Cumulative use hour | 0.244 | 0.354 | ||||
| ≤4,380 hours | 74 | 1.08 (0.67, 1.74) | 0 | - | ||
| 4,380–13140 hours | 35 | 0.97 (0.53, 1.76) | 24 | 1.11 (0.56, 2.20) | ||
| >13,140 hours | 36 | 1.61 (0.86, 3.01) | 37 | 1.39 (0.72, 2.68) | ||
| Cumulative phone call | 0.412 | 0.260 | ||||
| ≤10,220 calls | 92 | 0.97 (0.63, 1.51) | 9 | 0.91 (0.32, 2.61) | ||
| 10,220–41,975 calls | 65 | 0.79 (0.48, 1.30) | 18 | 0.95 (0.41, 1.77) | ||
| >41,975 calls | 47 | 0.86 (0.50, 1.49) | 50 | 1.49 (0.83, 2.66) | ||
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio
a
Adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male, female), education (<college, college, >college), family history of thyroid cancer (yes, no), alcohol consumption (yes, no), BMI (<25, 25–29.9, ≥30 kg/m2), previous benign thyroid disease (yes, no), occupational radiation exposure (yes, no), and radiation treatment (yes, no).