Table 4.
Stepwise modeling for rehospitalization outcome (n=22,368)
| Variable | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predisposing Factors | ||||||
| Race (REF=non-Hispanic White) | ||||||
| Asian | 1.03 (.86-1.24) |
1.03 (.86-1.23) |
.94 (.78-1.13) |
.86 (.78-1.13) |
.82 (.68-.99) |
|
| African-American | 1.55** (1.39-1.74) |
1.63** (1.46-1.82) |
1.54** (1.38-1.73) |
1.35** (1.20-1.52) |
1.34** (1.19-1.51) |
|
| Hispanic | 1.25** (1.10-1.41) |
1.30** (1.15-1.49) |
1.19* (1.04-1.35) |
1.06 (.93-1.21) |
1.05 (.92-1.21) |
|
| Age | 1.01** (1.00-1.01) |
.98** (.98-.99) |
||||
| Female | .73** (.67-.80) |
.70** (.63-.76 |
||||
| Enabling Factors | ||||||
| Caregiver ADL assistance (REF=none needed) | ||||||
| Has caregiver | 1.67** (1.34-2.09) |
1.27 (1.00-1.59) |
||||
| Needs caregiver | 1.97** (1.57-2.48) |
1.29 (1.01-1.65) |
||||
| At least weekly of caregiver assistance (REF=daily) | 0.82* (.72-.93) |
.94 (.82-1.07) |
||||
| Lives alone | .99 (.90-1.09) |
1.04 (.94-1.15) |
||||
| Medicaid Status | 1.27** (1.09-1.48) |
1.10 (.93-1.28) |
||||
| Illness Level Factors | ||||||
| Total Number of Prescribed Medications | 1.00 (.99-1.01) |
1.00 (.99-1.01) |
||||
| Total Number of Chronic Conditions Prognosis (REF=no risk) | 1.04 (1.00-1.08) |
1.04 (1.00-1.08) |
||||
| Temporary risk | 1.14 (.97-1.34) |
1.13 (.96-1.33) |
||||
| High risk | 1.59** (1.32-1.92) |
1.54** (1.27-1.86) |
||||
| Illness severity | 1.13** (1.09-1.17) |
1.13** (1.09-1.17) |
||||
| ADL severity | 1.18** (1.18-1.14) |
1.19** (1.14-1.23) |
||||
| Recent decline in mental, emotional, behavioral status | 1.05 (.92-1.20) |
1.05 (.92-1.20) |
||||
| Frailty | 1.15** (1.04-1.27) |
1.14* (1.03-1.26) |
||||
| Fall Risk | .97 (.84-1.12) |
.98 (.85-1.13) |
||||
| Vision Impairment | .99 (.88-1.12) |
1.00 (.89-1.13) |
||||
| Hearing Impairment | .89 (.79-.99) |
.94 (.83-1.06) |
||||
| Has Pain | .94 (.85-1.05) |
.94 (.85-1.04) |
||||
| Has Surgical Wound | .63** (.56-.71) |
.57** (.51-.64) |
||||
| Shortness of Breath (REF=no symptoms) | ||||||
| Mild symptoms | 1.17* (1.04-1.31) |
1.16* (1.03-1.30) |
||||
| Moderate-Severe symptoms | 1.49** (1.33-1.66) |
1.46** (1.31-1.64) |
||||
| Urinary Incontinence | 1.07 (.97-1.19) |
1.15* (1.04-1.28) |
||||
| Bowel Incontinence | 1.32** (1.15-1.51) |
1.31** (1.15-1.51) |
||||
| Cognitive Impairment | .92 (.81-1.06) |
.94 (.82-1.08) |
||||
| Depression Symptoms | 1.25** (1.13-1.38) |
1.24** (1.12-1.37) |
||||
| Confusion | .99 (.87-1.12) |
1.00 (.88-1.13) |
||||
| Anxiety | 0.85* (.77-.94) |
0.85* (.76-.94) |
||||
| Cognitive, behavioral, psychiatric symptoms | .97 (.84-1.12) |
.88 (.76-1.02) |
||||
Note. Data are presented as odds ratio (95% CI). Model 1=bivariate analysis of odds for hospitalization by race/ethnicity; Model 2=Model 1 adjusting for predisposing factors; Model 3=Model 1 adjusting for enabling factors; Model 4=Model 1 adjusting for illness level factors; Model 5=multivariable model of odds of rehospitalization by race/ethnicity, adjusting for predisposing, enabling, and illness level factors. REF=reference category; Reference categories are the absence of the characteristics, unless otherwise indicated. ADL=activities of daily living
*
p≤.01
**
p≤.001