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. 2019 Jan 23;9:423. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36714-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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THHY protects ICR suckling mice against lethal DENV infection. (A–D) Six-day-old ICR suckling mice were i.c. injected with heat-inactivated DENV (iDENV, filled circles, n = 5) or active DENV. DENV-infected mice received saline (DENV, filled squares, n = 5) or 5 mg/kg (DENV + THHY 5 mg/kg, filled triangles, n = 5) THHY inoculation at 1,3,5 days post infection. The (A) clinical scores, (B) body weight, and (C) survival rates were monitored daily until sacrifice at day 6 post-infection. Disease severity was scored as follows: 0: no symptoms, 1: slight weight loss and ruffled hair, 2: slowing of activity, 3: asthenia, 4: paralysis and mortal ill, and 5: death. (D) The brain tissue was collected for determination of viral titer by plaque-forming assay. Error bars represent the means ± SD. *P < 0.05.