TABLE 2.
Study | Confounding | Selection of Participants |
Classification of Interventions |
Deviations From Interventions |
Missing Data |
Measurement of Outcomes |
Selection of Reported Result |
Overall |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baglie et al | + | + | + | + | + | − | +/− | − |
Biasini et al | − | + | + | + | − | ? | +/− | − |
Bolhuis et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Brown et al | + | + | + | + | + | − | +/− | − |
Burian et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Burkhardt et al, 2006 |
+ | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Burkhardt et al, 2002 |
+ | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Darouiche et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Edlund et al, 2000 | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Edlund et al, 1998 | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Ezejiofor et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Fassbender et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Fujita et al | − | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | − |
Ginsburg et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Goddard et al | − | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | − |
Gurumurthy et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Hara et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Hutchings et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Ichihara et al | + | + | + | + | +/− | + | +/− | +/− |
Immanuel et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Kees et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Koizumi et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Kozjek et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Kumar et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Leigh et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Masumi et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
McCracken et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Mignot et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Miya et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Morihana et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Müller et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Murthy et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Nakashima et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Ohkubo et al | − | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | − |
Orisakwe et al, 2004 |
+ | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Orisakwe et al, 1996 |
+ | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Ortiz et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Stass et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Suryawati et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Tsubakihara et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Warlich et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Wüst et al | + | + | + | + | + | + | +/− | +/− |
Low risk of bias (+), moderate risk of bias (+/−), serious risk of bias (−). and no information (?).