Table 4.
Risk, RR, and adjusted RR by sport
| Sport | Number of athletes | Number of concussions | Risk (%) | RR | Adjusted RRa (95% CI) | ARR p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wrestling/martial arts | 980 | 204 | 20.8 | 6.56 (2.48, 17.33) | 6.07 (2.30, 16.02) | 0.0003** |
| Cheerleading | 533 | 85 | 15.9 | 5.02 (1.88, 13.44) | 3.99 (1.49, 10.70) | 0.0059** |
| Football | 2,724 | 420 | 15.4 | 4.86 (1.84, 12.79) | 5.68 (2.15, 14.98) | 0.0005** |
| Track and field | 137 | 20 | 14.6 | 4.60 (1.62, 13.09) | 4.24 (1.49, 12.04) | 0.0067** |
| Softball | 441 | 56 | 12.7 | 4.00 (1.48, 10.82) | 3.28 (1.21, 8.89) | 0.0193* |
| Basketball | 1,329 | 157 | 11.8 | 3.72 (1.40, 9.87) | 3.52 (1.33, 9.32) | 0.0114* |
| Soccer | 1,681 | 184 | 10.9 | 3.45 (1.30, 9.13) | 3.11 (1.18, 8.23) | 0.0223* |
| Baseball | 532 | 34 | 6.4 | 2.01 (0.73, 5.57) | 2.39 (0.86, 6.61) | 0.0945 |
| Volleyball | 1,202 | 60 | 5 | 1.57 (0.58, 4.25) | 1.35 (0.50, 3.67) | 0.5518 |
| Water polo | 275 | 11 | 4 | 1.26 (0.41, 3.88) | 1.00 (0.32, 3.12) | 0.9998 |
| Tennis | 140 | 5 | 3.6 | 1.13 (0.31, 4.10) | 1.10 (0.30, 3.99) | 0.8868 |
| Cross country | 126 | 4 | 3.2 | Reference | Reference | NA |
aAdjusted for age and sex
*p < 0.05. **p < 0.01.