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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1871:421–435. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8814-3_24

Figure 1. A potential glycome and glycoproteomic workflow.

Figure 1

Starting from biological material, proteins can be separated by SDS-PAGE prior to Western blotting or peptide map fingerprinting. The peptides and glycopeptides are analysed directly by mass spectrometry; the glycans are released by an N-glycanase such as PNGase Ar and purified by two rounds of solid phase extraction prior to mass spectrometry and/or HPLC. Glycans (examples from honeybee royal jelly) are depicted according to the Symbol Nomenclature for Glycans, whereby circles, squares, triangles and diamonds respectively represent hexose (here Man or Gal), N-acetylhexosamine (GalNAc or GlcNAc), deoxyhexose (Fuc) or hexuronic acids (GlcA); S, sulphate; PE, phosphoethanolamine.