Table 3.
Three-Level Random Effects Model of Teacher Classroom Management Skills Predicting Student Behavior
| Student Engagement | Student Disruptions | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameters | Estimate | SE | Estimate | SE |
| Fixed effects | ||||
| Intercept | 0.76*** | 0.04 | 0.13* | 0.05 |
| TD-OTR | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| BSP | 0.07*** | 0.03 | −0.09* | 0.04 |
| Prompt expectations | −0.08 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.08 |
| Random effects | ||||
| Time | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||
| Teacher | 0.013 | 0.007 | ||
| Residual | 0.030 | 0.046 | ||
| Fit | ||||
| ICC (Residual) | 0.68 | 0.85 | ||
| ICC (Time) | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||
| ICC (Teacher) | 0.30 | 0.13 | ||
| AIC | −92.59 | −17.83 | ||
| BIC | −69.68 | 5.08 | ||
| Deviance | −106.60 | −31.83 | ||
Notes: Significant estimates are in boldface, with p < 0.05*, p < 0.01**, and p < 0.001***; 195 observations, 25 time points, 12 teachers.