Table 3. Severity grade.
| Severity grade | Athletes | Controls | p-value* | Badminton | Beach volleyball | Handball | Tennis | Volleyball |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | [%] | ||
| 0 | 27.1 | 24.7 | 0.297 | 21.7d | 30.0 | 26.8 | 41.0 | 18.9d |
| 1 | 58.0 | 68.7 | 0.080 | 60.9 | 50.0 | 57.1 | 46.2 | 67.9d |
| 2 | 12.2 | 4.3 | 0.001 | 8.7 | 20.0 | 12.5 | 10.3 | 13.2 |
| 3 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 0.092 | 8.7e | 0.0 | 3.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 4 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.051 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
* refer to the comparison between controls and all athletes
d significant different to tennis
e significant different to volleyball, 0 = no pain, 1 = low disability—low pain intensity, 2 = low disability—high pain intensity, 3 = high disability–moderately limiting, 4 = high disability—severely limiting.