Figure 3.

Growth and Biosynthetic Flux of Feedback-Dysregulated E. coli Mutants

(A) Growth resumption after 20 hr carbon starvation of wild-type E. coli and the seven dysregulated mutants. Cells were starved in minimal medium and glucose was added at t = 0 hr. OD was measured in 5 min intervals in a plate reader. Shown are means of n = 3 cultures. Inserts show the specific growth rate in h⁻¹ during the same time period. Growth rates were estimated by linear regression over a moving 30 min window. The same wild-type growth curve and growth rate is shown in each graph in black as a reference. See also Figures S4 and S5.

(B) Decay of unlabeled amino acids in the wild-type E. coli (black) and the seven dysregulated mutants (color). The measured amino acid is indicated above each graph. Cells were loaded from shake flasks onto filters and perfused with ¹⁵N-medium for different lengths of time (0, 30, 60, 120, and 180 seconds). Dots are means of n = 2 samples for each time point. Lines are means of 1,000 fits of decay rates based on equations for kinetic flux profiling. Box plots show fluxes based on the 1,000 fits, relative to the median flux estimate in the wild-type. Boxes contain 50% and whiskers 99% of the flux estimates.