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. 2019 Jan 18;12:543. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00543

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Copyright © 2019 Takeuchi, Taki, Nouchi, Yokoyama, Kotozaki, Nakagawa, Sekiguchi, Iizuka, Yamamoto, Hanawa, Araki, Miyauchi, Sakaki, Nozawa, Ikeda, Yokota, Magistro, Sassa and Kawashima.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of interaction between sex and parents’ average highest educational qualifications on FA that are moderated by positive correlation in females and negative correlation in males. (a) The results shown were obtained using a threshold of threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE) of P < 0.05, based on 5000 permutations. The results were corrected at the whole brain level. Regions of correlation were overlaid on mean preprocessed, but not smoothed, FA images of a subset of participants. The color represents the strength of the TFCE value. Significant effects were observed in areas around the body and genu of the corpus callosum and the bilateral corona radiata. (b–c) Scatter plots with trend lines depicting correlations with mean FA for significant clusters in males (blue) and females (red) in white matter areas in the left hemisphere (b) and right hemisphere (c).