Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Jan 24;9:728. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37305-z

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Elephant APOBEC3Z1 deamination of 5-methylcytidine. (a) 3D-PCR recovered edited 5MeC substituted HIV env DNA down to 77°C and 75.7°C for hA3A and eA3Z1 respectively. The white line indicates the threshold between edited and unedited 3D-PCR products in terms of the denaturation temperature. Pv and hA3A_C101S showed no editing of 5MeC substituted HIV env DNA and were used as negative control. Asterisks refer to the samples cloned and sequenced. M, molecular weight markers. (b) Dinucleotide context for human and elephant A3A deamination of 5MeC. Chi-square test indicates dinucleotide frequencies that significantly deviate from the expected values (*p < 0.05). (c) CG- > TA mutation frequencies analyzed with hA3A_C101S and pv at 82.1°C and with hA3A and eA3Z1 at 80.3°C.