Table 2.
Association between the offspring CHD and maternal exposure to colds and depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
| Exposure | Controls | Cases | Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 3c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colds | |||||
| No | 668(54.4) | 295(48.05) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 560(45.6) | 319(51.95) | 1.29(1.06–1.57) | 1.35(1.05–1.73) | 1.44(1.12–1.85) |
| Stratify according to fever | |||||
| Colds with fever | 36(2.93) | 27(4.40) | 1.52(0.92–2.53) | 1.33(0.71–2.51) | 1.38(0.73–2.61) |
| Colds without fever | 525(42.75) | 293(47.72) | 1.22(1.01–1.48) | 1.27(1.01–1.63) | 1.35(1.05–1.73) |
| Stratify according to exposure time | |||||
| Three months before pregnancy | 11(0.90) | 13(2.12) | 2.39(1.07–5.37) | 3.19(1.18–8.64) | 3.12(1.17–8.31) |
| Colds in first trimester | 250(20.36) | 146(23.78) | 1.22(0.97–1.54) | 1.12(0.84–1.5) | 1.15(0.86–1.55) |
| Colds in second trimester | 221(18.00) | 144(23.45) | 1.4(1.10–1.77) | 1.27(0.95–1.71) | 1.34(1.01–1.80) |
| Colds in third trimester | 178(14.50) | 56(9.12) | 1.69(1.23–2.32) | 1.33(0.91–1.95) | 1.33(0.90–1.95) |
| Depression scores | |||||
| Continuous variable | 33.04 ± 6.28 | 33.78 ± 5.26 | 1.02(1–1.04) | 1.03(1.01–1.05) | 1.03(1.01–1.05) |
| Categorical variable | |||||
| lower | 697(56.76) | 263(42.83) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| higher | 531(43.24) | 351(57.17) | 1.75(1.44–2.13) | 1.83(1.43–2.32) | 1.89(1.48–2.41) |
aNo other factors were adjusted.
bAdjusted for Model 1 and education, economic status, maternal smoking, drinking, taking folic acid, taking medicine, pregnancy reaction, abnormal prenatal examination, negative life events, chronic disease, natural abortion history, family history of CHD, baby gender.
cAdjusted for Model 2 and colds or/depression (continuous).