Figure 5.

The inability of sulfite to sulfurate the cysteine residues. Ca²⁺ influx induced in astrocytes was used as an index of sulfuration on cysteine residues of TRPA1 channels (Kimura et al., 2013; Hatakeyama et al., 2015). Na₂S₃ induced Ca²⁺ influx (A), but even 500 μM of Na₂SO₃ did not (B). Responses from seven individual cells were superimposed. (C) The comparison between Na₂S₃ (six to seven cells picked up for Ca²⁺ imaging from each plate, and a total number of cells was 62) and Na₂SO₃ (number of cells: 84) with respect to the induction of Ca²⁺ influx in astrocytes. ATP was applied as a positive control. All data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean.